# Malkhan Singh (In Jail) v. State of U.P

- **Citation:** (2019) 2 ILRA 140
- **Court:** High Court of Judicature at Allahabad
- **Decided:** 2019-09-17
- **Case number:** Criminal Appeal No. 21 of 2000
- **Bench:** Bachchoo Lal, Pradeep Kumar Srivastava
- **Source:** https://unisonlegal.in/judgment/allahabad-high-court/malkhan-singh-in-jail-v-state-of-u-p-44593
- **Pages:** 12

## Headnote

A. Indian Penal Code, 1860 - Sec. 302,
302/34,307/34 and Arms Act, 1959 -
Section 25 - Criminal Appeal - Section 313
Cr.P.C - Examination of accused persons-
Relationship is not a factor to affect
credibility of a witness - interestedness of
the witnesses-direct evidence- charges
proved against the appellant beyond doubt.

Held:- A relation would not conceal actual
culprit and make allegations against an
innocent person. Foundation has to be laid if
plea of false implication is made. In such
cases, the court has to adopt a careful
approach and analyse evidence to find out
whether it is cogent and credible - In case
there is direct trustworthy evidence of
witnesses as to commission of an offence, the
motive part loses its significance. Therefore, if
the genesis of the motive of the occurrence is
not proved, the ocular testimony of the
witnesses as to the occurrence cannot be
discarded only on the ground of absence of
motive, if otherwise the evidence is worthy of
reliance - Proved from all the evidence and
records available on the record that at the
time of the alleged incident, the appellant shot
dead from the gun and killed the deceased -
charges against the appellant have been
proved under Section 302, 307 indian Penal
Code and Section 25 of Arms Act Act beyond
doubt. (Para 35,38 & 43)

Criminal Appeal dismissed (E-7)

List of Cases Cited: -

## Text

_Characters 0–39,155 of 47,445. This is a partial read: ask again with offset=39155 for what follows._

140 INDIAN LAW REPORTS ALLAHABAD SERIES
accused-appellants Islahur Rahman @ Islam,
Miswahur Rahman, Abdul Mutaliq, Abdul
Khaliq, Jamil Ahmad, Tufel Ahmad,
Wasiullah,
Ujer
Ahmad,
Nurulhuda,
Ainuullah, Iflahur Rahman, Gulam Husen,
Israhul Haq, Taufiq Ahmad and Razi Ahmad
are acquitted from the charge for the offence
under Section 147, 323/149 I.P.C.. All the
accused-appellants be released from jail
forthwith.

4. The conviction of Jamil
Ahmad, Abdul Khailq Ujer Ahmad and
Abdul Mutaliq in ST No. 110 of 2011 for
the offence under Section 307/149 I.P.C.
is converted into the offence under section
325/34 I.P.C. and are sentenced for one
year and six months simple imprisonment
and fine of Rs. 2000/- each and in default
1 month additional imprisonment and
under Section 323/34 I.P.C. for 3 months
simple imprisonment and fine of Rs. 500/-
each and in default 15 days additional
imprisonment. The sentence for both the
offences shall run concurrently and the
period underwent by them in jail shall be
adjusted against awarded sentence.

54. The office is directed to transmit
back the lower court record to the learned
trial court immediately along with a copy
of this judgment for information and
compliance.
----------

(2019)10ILR A 140

APPELLATE JURISDICTION
CRIMINAL SIDE
DATED: ALLAHABAD 17.09.2019

BEFORE
THE HON'BLE BACHCHOO LAL, J.
THE HON'BLE PRADEEP KUMAR
SRIVASTAVA, J.

Criminal Appeal No. 21 of 2000
Malkhan Singh ...Appellant (In Jail)
Versus
State of U.P. ...Respondent

Counsel for the Appellant:
Sri V.S. Kushwaha, Sri R.B. Sahai, Sri
Shailendra Singh, Sri Raghuraj Kishor.

Counsel for the Respondent:
A.G.A

A. Indian Penal Code, 1860 - Sec. 302,
302/34,307/34 and Arms Act, 1959 -
Section 25 - Criminal Appeal - Section 313
Cr.P.C - Examination of accused persons-
Relationship is not a factor to affect
credibility of a witness - interestedness of
the witnesses-direct evidence- charges
proved against the appellant beyond doubt.

Held:- A relation would not conceal actual
culprit and make allegations against an
innocent person. Foundation has to be laid if
plea of false implication is made. In such
cases, the court has to adopt a careful
approach and analyse evidence to find out
whether it is cogent and credible - In case
there is direct trustworthy evidence of
witnesses as to commission of an offence, the
motive part loses its significance. Therefore, if
the genesis of the motive of the occurrence is
not proved, the ocular testimony of the
witnesses as to the occurrence cannot be
discarded only on the ground of absence of
motive, if otherwise the evidence is worthy of
reliance - Proved from all the evidence and
records available on the record that at the
time of the alleged incident, the appellant shot
dead from the gun and killed the deceased -
charges against the appellant have been
proved under Section 302, 307 indian Penal
Code and Section 25 of Arms Act Act beyond
doubt. (Para 35,38 & 43)

Criminal Appeal dismissed (E-7)

List of Cases Cited: -

1. Bhargav & ors. Vs st. of Kerala (2004) 12 SCC
414

2. Khurshid Ahmed vs. St. of J&k 2018 SCC 529
2 All. Malkhan Singh Vs State of U.P.
141
3. Sadiq alias Lalo Ghulam Hussain Shekha &
ors. St. of Guj. 2016(4) crimes 68 SC

4. Hari Shankar Vs St. of U.P. (1996) 9 SCC40

5. Bikau Pandey & ors. Vs St. of Bihar (2003)
12 SCC 616

6. Abu20Thakir & ors. Vs St. of T.N. (2010) 5
SCC 91

7. St. of U.P. Vs Kishanpal & ors. (2008) 16
SCC 73

8. Bipin Kumar Mondal Vs St. of W.B. (2010)
12 SCC 91

9. Yogesh Singh per Mahabir Singh & ors.
(2016) 4 Crime 121 SC
(Delivered by Hon'ble Bachchoo Lal, J.)

1 ;g nkf.Md vihy] vihykFkhZ ey[kku flag
dh vksjls l= ijh{k.k la[;k 218 o"kZ 1998 ]
vUrxZr /kkjk 302]302@34] 307@34 Hkk0 na0 la0]
Fkkuk gqlSuxat] ftyk QrsgiqjÂ1⁄4jkT; izfr ey[kku
flag ,oa vU;1⁄2 ,oa l= ijh{k.k la[;k 219o"kZ 1998]
vUrxZr
/kkjk
25
vk;q/k
vf/kfu;e]
Fkkuk
gqlSuxat]ftyk Qrsgiqj Â1⁄4jkT; izfr ey[kku flag1⁄2
esa fo}ku uoe~ vij l=U;k;k/kh'k] Qrsgiqj }kjk
ikfjr fu.kZ; ,oa vkns'k fnukad12&11&1999 ds
fo:} ;ksftr dh x;h gS ftlds }kjk
vihykFkhZ dks /kkjk 302 Hkk0 na0 la0 ds vUrxZr nks"kh
ikrs gq,dBksj vkthou dkjkokl] /kkjk 307 Hkk0 na0
la0 ds vUrxZr nks"khikrs gq, ikap o"kZ ds dBksj
dkjkokl rFkk /kkjk 25 vk;q/kvf/kfu;e ds vUrxZr
nks"kh ikrs gq, nks o"kZ ds dBksj dkjkokl dsn.M ls
nf.Mr fd;k x;k gS rFkk ;g Hkh vknsf'kr fd;k
x;k fdvihykFkhZ dh lHkh ltk;sa lkFk&lkFk pysxhaA

2 vihy ds fuLrkj.k gsrq vko';d rF; la{ksi
esa blizdkj gS fd oknh eqdnek deys'k dqekj us
fnukad 19&10&1997le; 1&20 ,0 ,e0 ij Fkkuk
gqlSuxat] ftyk Qrsgiqj esa ,drgjhj ckcw yky ls
fy[kokdj bl vk'k; ds lkFk izLrqr fd;kfd mldh
pkph xhrk nsoh mez 30 o"kZ iRuh lqjs'k xM+fj;k
dksmlds gh xkao dk ey[kku xM+fj;k iq= cpbZ
xM+fj;k djhc lokrhu ekg igys Hkxk ys x;k FkkA
fnukad 15&10&1997 dks mldspkpk] mldh pkph
dks Qrsgiqj ls ?kj ysdj vk;s Fks vkSj oghadpgjh esa
gh ey[kku us mlds pkpk ls lqygukek dj fy;k
FkkAvkt fnukad 18&10&1997 dks jkf= djhc lk<s
lkr cts dh ckrgS mlds pkpk ds ?kj ds vkaxu esa
ykyVsu ty jgh Fkh mldspkpk lqjs'k o mldh
nknh c`tjkuh o pkph vkaxu esa Fkh og rFkkmlds
firk jke ukjk;u dfV;k e'khu ij pkjk dkV jgs Fks
rHkhmldh pkph vius cPps dks ukinku ij VV~Vh
djk jgh Fkh fdmlds xkao dk ey[kku iq= cpbZ o
mudk cguksbZ vuUrw fuoklhelokuh Qrsgiqj vkdj
mlds pkpk dks xkyh xq¶rk nsus yxsa fdlkys vc
;g esjh vkSjr gksdj jgsxh fd mldh pkph xkyh
nsuso lkFk jgus dks euk fd;k rHkh ey[kku us
mldh pkph dksxksyh ekj nhA xksyh yxus ls mldh
pkph fxjdj ogha ij ejx;h mlds pkpk o mlus o
mlds firk us ey[kku o vuUrw dkihNk fd;k rks os
yksx mlds pkpk dks [ksr esa xksyh ekj fn;saftlls
mlds pkpk ?kk;y gksdj fxj x;sA ge yksx vius
pkpkdks ysdj vLirky esa HkrhZ djkdj Fkkus vk;k
gw¡A bl okD;k dksmlus o mlds firkth us o
mlds pkpk o nknh us ykyVsu dhjks'kuh esa ns[kk gSA
og
fjiksVZ
dks
vk;k
gSA
mldh
fjiksVZ
fy[kdjvko';d dk;Zokgh djus dh d`ik dh tk,A

3 oknh dh mDr fyf[kr rgjhj izn'kZ d&1
ds vk/kkjij vihykFkhZ ,oa ,d vU; ds fo:} Hkk0
na0 la0 dh /kkjk 302]307] 504 ds vUrxZr Fkkuk ij
eqdnek iathd`r fd;k x;kA fpdizFke lwpuk fjiksVZ
izn'kZ d&4 gS rFkk dk;eh eqdnek ls lEcfU/kr
th0 Mh dh izfr izn'kZ d&5 gSA

4 ekeys dh foospuk mny flag] Fkkuk/;{k
Â1⁄4vfHk;kstulk{kh la[;k 5Â1⁄2 }kjk Lo;a xzg.k dh
x;hA mUgksaus eq[; vkj{kh';ke fcgkjh feJk o
vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 1 deys'k Â1⁄4oknhÂ1⁄2dk
c;ku vafdr fd;kA ?kVukLFky ij tkdj
mifujh{kd] vkj0,l0 'kqDyk ls e`rdk dk
iapk;rukek rS;kj djk;kA iapk;rukekizn'kZ d&6 gS
rFkk mlls lEcfU/kr izi= pkyku yk'k] QksVksuk'k]
fpV~Bh izfrlkj o fpV~Bh eq[; fpfdRlkf/kdkjh
dze'k% izn'kZd& 7 yxk;r izn'kZ d&10 gSaA
foospukf/kdkjh us ?kVukLFky dkfujh{k.k dj mldk
ekufp= izn'kZ d&11 rS;kj fd;krFkk ?kVukLFky ls
[kwu vkywnk o lknh feV~Vh dCtk iqfyl esaysdj
loZeksgj dj mldh QnZ izn'kZ d&12 rS;kj dhA
pqVSylqjs'k ftl LFkku ij fxjk Fkk ml LFkku ls Hkh
mUgksusa [kwu vkywnko lknh feV~Vh e; ?kkl iRrh ds
dCts esas ysdj mldh QnZ izn'kZd&13 rS;kj dhA
pqVSy lqjs'k ds ?kk;y gksus ds LFkku [ksr cpwuflag esa
ls ,d [kks[kk dkjrwl 12 cksj feyk ftls loZeksgj
142 INDIAN LAW REPORTS ALLAHABAD SERIES
djmldh QnZ izn'kZ d&14 rS;kj dhA blh [ksr ls
,d iSaV o pIiyeqyfte feyk ftls dCtk iqfyl esa
fy;k x;k ftldh QnZ izn'kZd&15 gSA eqyfte
ey[kku dh lkbfdy uudw ds [ksr esa [kMh
Fkhmldks dCts esa fy;k rFkk mldh QnZ izn'kZ
d&16 dks vius ys[k
o gLrk{kj esa rS;kj fd;kA rgjhj ys[kd ckcw yky
ds c;kuvafdr fd;kA fnukad 20&10&1997 dks
iapk;rukek o 'ks"k xokgksads c;ku fy;kA

5 e`rdk xhrk nsoh ds 'ko dk 'ko foPNsnu
fnukad19&10&1997 dks le; lk<s pkj cts 'kke
MkDVj gfj'k pUnzJhokLro Â1⁄4vfHk;kstu lk{kh
la[;k 4Â1⁄2 }kjk fd;k x;kA MkDVj dsvuqlkj]
e`rdk dh vk;q djhc 30 o"kZ Fkh rFkk mldh e`R;q
gq,yxHkx ,d fnu gks pqdk FkkA e`rdk lkekU; dn
dkBh dh Fkhpsgjs ij lQsnh ekStwn FkhA nkfguh
vk¡[k rFkk eq¡g vk/kk [kqyk FkkAcka;h vk¡[k can
Fkh flj ij ekStwn ckyksa rFkk psgjs ij [kwu ds4FkDds
ekStwn FksA isV Qwyk gqvk Fkk rFkk isV ds ilioc
fgLls ij gjsjax dk jax ifjorZu ekStwn FkkA 'ko esa
vdMu ekStwn FkhA e`rdkds 'kjhj ij e`R;qiwoZ dh
fuEufyf[kr pksVsa ik;h x;h%&

1& vkXus;kL= ds izos'k dk ?kko 15 x 9
lseh0 x xqgk dh xgjkbZrd flj ds cak;s fgLls ij
cka;s dku ls 4 lseh0 Ã...ij Fkk] ckytys gq, FksA
pksV ds fdukjs vUnj dh rjQ eqMs FksA

2& vkXus;kL= ds fudkl dk ?kko 17
lseh0 x 11 lseh0 flj dsnkfgus fgLls rFkk Ã...ijh
fgLls ij nkfgus dku ls 10 lseh0 Ã...ijrFkk cak;h
HkkSa ls 1 lseh0 Ã...ij fdukjs ckgj dh rjQ eqMs FksA

3& [kksiMh dh lkjh gM~fM;ka tSls
iSfjVy gM~fM;ka vkDlhihVygM~Mh vkSj QzsUVy gM~Mh
lHkh VVw s gq, FksA efLr"d dh f>fYy;kaQVh gqbZ Fkh]
efLr"d QVk gqvk Fkk [kwu Hkh feyk gqvk FkkA
QsQMsesa lQsnh ekStwn FkhA g`n; [kkyh FkkA vek'k;
esa 250 xzkevkfa 'kd :i ls ipk gqvk pkoy ektS nw
FkkA NksVh vkra esa xSl rFkknÂao ekStnw FkkA cMh
vkra esa ey rFkk xSl ektS nw FkhA ;d`r ijlQsnh
ekStwn FkhA Liyhu rFkk xqnkZ ij lQsnh ekStwn FkhA
firk'k;Hkjk gqvk Fkk] is'kkc dh FkSyh [kkyh FkhA

6 MkDVj ds vuqlkj e`rdk dh e`R;q mlds
'kjhj ijvk;h e`R;qiwoZ pksVksa ls mRiUu vR;kf/kd
jDrlzko rFkk lnesa ls gqbZFkhA e`rdk dh iksLVekVZe
fjiksVZ izn'kZ d&2 gSA

7 vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 5 mny flag
Â1⁄4foospukf/kdkjhÂ1⁄2us fnukad 22&10&1997 dks
vihykFkhZ ey[kku flag dks fxjQrkjfd;k RkFkk
mldh fu'kkunsgh ij vkykdRy reapk uudw ds [ksr
lscjken fd;kA QnZ cjkenxh ,d vnn reapk 12
cksj uktk;tizn'kZ d&17 gSA QnZ cjkenxh ds
vk/kkj ij Fkkuk ij vihykFkhZey[kku flag ds fo:}
/kkjk 25 vk;q/k vf/kfu;e ds vUrxZreqdnek iathd`r
djk;k x;kA /kkjk 25 vk;q/k vf/kfu;e lslEcfU/kr
eqdnesa dh fpd izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ izn'kZ d&18 gS
rFkkdk;eh eqdnek ls lEcfU/kr th0 Mh0 dh izfr
izn'kZ d&19 gSAfoospukf/kdkjh us cjkenxh LFky dk
ekufp= Hkh rS;kj fd;k t5izn'kZ d&20 gSA nkSjku
foospuk xokgksa ds c;ku vafdr fd;k rFkkpqVSy
lqjs'k dh batjh fjiksVZ izkIr dj mldk bUnzkt dsl
Mk;jhesa fd;kA

8 vfxze foospuk mifujh{kd] oh0 ,e0 'kekZ
}kjk lEiUudh x;h mUgksus pqVSy lqjs'k dk c;ku
vafdr fd;k rFkk foospuklEca/kh leLr dk;Zokgh
iw.kZ dj vihykFkhZ o ,d vU; ds fo:}vkjksi i=
izn'kZ d&21 U;k;ky; izsf"kr fd;kA /kkjk 25
vk;q/kvf/kfu;e ls lEcfU/kr eqdnesa dh foospuk
vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k6 mifujh{kd]v'kksd dqekj
}kjk dh x;h mUgksaus xokgksa ds c;kuvafdr fd;k
rFkk cjkenxh LFky dk ekufp= izn'kZ d&22
rS;kjfd;kA ftyk eftLVsÂaV ls vfHk;kstu dh
Lohd`fr izn'kZ d&23izkIr dj vihykFkhZ ey[kku
flag ds fo:} vkjksi i= izn'kZ d&24U;k;ky;
izsf"kr fd;kA

9 vihykFkhZ ds eqdnesa dks fopkj.k gsrq l=
U;k;ky; dslqiqnZ fd;k x;kA

10 fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; us vihykFkh
ey[kku flag dsfo:} /kkjk 302 ,oa 307 lifBr
/kkjk 34 Hkk0 na0 la0 ds vUrxZr,oa /kkjk 25 vk;q/k
vf/kfu;e ds vUrxZr vkjksi fojfpr fd;k rFkk,d
vU; vfHk;qDr vuUrw ds fo:} /kkjk 302 lifBr
/kkjk 34 Hkk0na0 la0 o /kkjk 307 lifBr /kkjk 34
Hkk0 na0 la0 ds vUrxZrvkjksi fojfpr fd;k ftlls
mUgksaus badkj fd;k rFkk ijh{k.k dhekax dh x;hA

11 vfHk;kstu i{k dh vksj ls vius dFku ds
leFkZu esavfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 1 deys'k Â1⁄4oknh
eqdnekÂ1⁄2] vfHk;kstu lk{khla[;k 2 jke ujk;u]
vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 3 lqjs'k Â1⁄4pqVSyÂ1⁄2]
vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 4 MkDVj gfj'kpUnz JhokLro]
vfHk;kstulk{kh
la[;k
5
mny
flag
2 All. Malkhan Singh Vs State of U.P.
143
Â1⁄4foospukf/kdkjhÂ1⁄2 rFkk vfHk;kstu lk{kh 6v'kksd
dqekj Â1⁄4foospukf/kdkjh] vUrxZr /kkjk 25 vk;q/k
vf/kfu;eÂ1⁄2]
dks ijhf{kr djk;k x;k gSA

12 vihykFkhZ ey[kku flag ,oa lg&vfHk;qDr
vuUrw dsc;ku /kkjk 313 n0a iza0l0a ds vUrxZr vfa dr
fd;s x;s ftlesamUgksaus vfHk;kstu dFkkud dks xyr
crkrs gq, vihykFkhZ ey[kku flag us vius c;ku vUrxZr
/kkjk 313 na0 iz0 la0 esa ;g dgk fdlqjs'k o jke ujk;u
xhrk dks ijs'kku djrs Fks ,d fnu xhrk uslqjs'k dh ek¡
dks ekjk rc lqjs'k o jke ujk;u us xhrk dks ekjusdk
Iyku cuk;k o tykus dh dksf'k'k fd;k xhrk lqcg Hkkx
x;hrhu ekg ckn ykSVhA ;g Hkh dgk fd jke ujk;u us
Qk;j lsigys xhrk dks ekjk fQj mls ekjus vk;s og Hkkxk
rc jke ujk;uus Qk;j ekjk tks mlds iSj esa yxkA lqjs'k
vkxs ls ?ksj jgk FkkAnwljk Qk;j >Yyj us fd;k tks lqjs'k
dks yxkA mlus na0 iz0 la0dh /kkjk 156 Â1⁄43Â1⁄2 ds
vUrxZr nj[kkLr fn;k Fkk ml ij eqdnekdk;e gqvkA

13 vfHk;qDrx.k dh vksj ls vius cpko esa
cpko lk{khla[;k 1 xkSjh 'kadj rFkk cpko lk{kh
la[;k 2 tSjke flag dksijhf{kr djk;k x;k gSA

14 vfHk;qDrx.k dh vksj ls vfHkys[kh; lk{;
ds :i esa/kkjk 156 Â1⁄43Â1⁄2 na0 iz0 la0 ds vUrxZr
izLrqr vkosnu i= dhizekf.kr izfrfyfi izn'kZ [k&2
rFkk mDr vkosnu i= ij eq[;U;kf;d eftLVsÂaV]
Qrsgiqj }kjk ikfjr vkns'k fnukafdr21&11&1997
dh izekf.kr izfrfyfi izn'kZ [k&3 ,oa iqfyl
v/kh{kddks izsf"kr vkosnu i= fnukafdr 8&10&1997
dh Nk;k izfr ojftLVÂah dh jlhn rFkk vihykFkhZ
ey[kku flag dh batjh fjiksVZ dhNk;k izfr izn'kZ
[k&1 nkf[ky dh x;h gSA

15 fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; us i=koyh ij
miyC/kleLr lk{; ,oa vfHkys[kksa ij lE;d fopkj
djus ds mijkUrlg&vfHk;qDr vuUrw ds fo:}
vkjksi dks lansg ls ijs lkfcr ughaik;k rnuqlkj
mUgksaus lg&vfHk;qDr vuUrw dks nks"keqDr dj
fn;kysfdu vihykFkhZ ey[kku flag dks /kkjk 302]
307 Hkk0 na0 la0,oa /kkjk 25 vk;q/k vf/kfu;e ds
vUrxZr nks"kfl} ikrs gq,mijksDrkuqlkj nf.Mr fd;k
gS ftlls {kqC/k gksdj vihykFkhZ dhvksj ls ;g vihy
bl U;k;ky; ds le{k ;ksftr dh x;h gSA

16 vihykFkhZ dh vksj ls fo}ku vf/koDrk Jh
j?kqjktfd'kksj] jkT; dh vksj ls Jh ,y0 Mh0
jktHkj] fo}ku vij'kkldh; vf/koDRkk dks foLrkj
iwoZd lquk rFkk i=koyh ,oaiz'uxr fu.kZ; o vkns'k
dk lE;d ifj'khyu fd;kA

17 vihykFkhZ ds fo}ku vf/koDrk }kjk eq[;
:i ls ;grdZ izLrqr fd;k x;k fd vihykFkhZ funksZ"k
gS mls bl izdj.k esa>waBk Qlk;k x;k gSA vihykFkhZ
dks e`rdk dh gR;k dkfjr djusdk dksbZ gsrqd ugh
FkkA e`rdk ,d lger i{k Fkh rFkk vihykFkhZds lkFk
og Lo;a Hkkxdj x;h FkhA ,slh n'kk esa vihykFkhZ
}kjke`rdk dh gR;k djuk LokHkkfod ,oa fo'oluh;
ugha gS cfYdblds foijhr e`rdk ds ?kj ls Hkkx
tkus ds dkj.k] e`rdk ds ifro mlds ifjokjtu dh
cnukeh gqbZ Fkh blh cnukeh ds dkj.ke`rdk ds ifr
o mlds ifjokjtu }kjk e`rdk dh gR;k dkfjr
dhx;h gSA vihykFkhZ dks egt >waBk Qlk;k x;k gSA
;g Hkh rdZ j[kkx;k fd vfHk;kstu dFkkud
LokHkkfod ,oa fo'oluh; ugha gSA bl?kVuk esa
vihykFkhZ ey[kku flag dks Hkh vkXus;kL= dh pksVsa
vk;hgS ysfdu mldh pksVksa dk dksbZ Li"Vhdj.k
vfHk;kstu dh vksj lsugha fn;k x;k gSA iz'uxr
izdj.k esa lg&vfHk;qDr vuUrw dh HkhlafyIrrk
crk;h x;h gS rFkk mlds fo:} Hkh Fkkuk ij
izFkelwpuk fjiksVZ uketn ntZ djk;h x;h FkhA
fo}ku fopkj.kU;k;ky; us lg&vfHk;qDr vuUrw dh
iz'uxr vijk/k esa lafyIrrklkfcr ugha ik;h vkSj
mls nks"keqDr fd;k gS vkSj mUgha lkf{k;ksa dhlk{; ij
vihykFkhZ dks nks"kfl} ,oa nf.Mr fd;k gS tks
fof/klaxr ugha gSA fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; dk
iz'uxr fu.kZ; ,oavkns'k fujLr gksus ;ksX; gS ,oa
vihykFkhZ nks"keqDr gksus ;ksX; gSA

18 blds foijhr fo}ku vij 'kkldh;
vf/koDrk }kjk ;grdZ izLrqr fd;k x;k fd fd
?kVuk ds djhc lok rhu ekg iwoZvihykFkhZ] e`rdk
dks Hkxkdj ys x;k FkkA e`rdk dk ifr lqjs'k8cEcbZ
esa dke djrk Fkk tc mls lwpuk izkIr gqbZ rc og
?kjokil vk;k ,oa fnukad 15&10&1997 dks e`rdk
dks vius ?kjokil ys vk;kA ?kVuk ds fnu vihykFkhZ
vius cguksbZ vuUrw dslkFk e`rdk ds ?kj ij x;k
rFkk e`rdk ds ifr dks xkfy;ka nrsgq, e`rdk dks
vius lkFk ys tkus ds fy, dgus yxk ftl
ije`rdk us mlds lkFk tkus ls badkj dj fn;k bl
ij vihykFkhZ use`rdk dks reaps ls xksyh ekj nh
ftlls ekSds ij e`rdk dh e`R;qgks x;h tc oknh
rFkk mlds firk jke ujk;u o e`rdk ds ifrlqjs'k
us vihykFkhZ dk ihNk fd;k rks mlus cpqu flag ds
[ksr esae`rdk ds ifr lqjs'k dks Hkh xksyh ekj nh
ftlls mls Hkh pksVsavk;hA vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 1
deys'k] vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 2jke ujk;u rFkk
144 INDIAN LAW REPORTS ALLAHABAD SERIES
vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 3 lqjs'k Â1⁄4pqVSyÂ1⁄2 bl
?kVukds izR;{kn'khZ lk{kh gSa ftUgksusa vius c;kuksa esa
vfHk;kstu dFkkuddk Hkyh Hkk¡fr leFkZu fd;k gSA
fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; uslg&vfHk;qDr vuUrw dh
lafyIrrk lkfcr ugha ik;h rnuqlkj mlsnks"keqDr dj
fn;k gS ysfdu vihykFkhZ ds fo:} yxk;s x;s
vkjksilansg ls ijs lkfcr ikrs gq, vihykFkhZ dks
iz'uxr vijk/k esanks"kfl} ,oa nf.Mr fd;k gS ftlesa
dksbZ fof/kd =qfV vFkokvfu;ferrk ugha gSA

19 mYys[kuh; gS fd ;g ?kVuk fnukad
18&10&1997le; 7&30 cts 'kke dh crk;h x;h gS
rFkk bl ?kVuk dh izFkelwpuk fjiksVZ oknh deys'k
us fnukad 19&10&1997 dks 1&20 ,0,e0 ij Fkkus
ij ntZ djk;h gSA ?kVukLFky ls Fkkus dh nwjh
vkBfdeh- n'kkZ;h x;h gSA izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ esa ;g
mYys[k fd;k x;kgS fd oknh vius pkpk dks
vLirky esa HkrhZ djkdj Fkkus vk;k gSAmijksDr ls
;gh Li"V gksrk gS fd pqVSy lqjs'k dks mipkj
gsrqvLirky esa nkf[ky dj oknh deys'k us bl
?kVuk dh rgjhj ckcwyky ls fy[kokdj Fkkus esa
nkf[ky dj vihykFkhZ ,oa ,d vU; dsfo:} eqdnek
iathd`r djk;k gSA

20 vihykFkhZ ey[kku flag us vius c;ku
vUrxZr /kkjk313 na0 iz0 la0 esa ;g mYys[k fd;k gS
fd lqjs'k o jke ujk;uxhrk dks ijs'kku djrs Fks ,d
fnu xhrk us lqjs'k dh ek¡ dks ekjkrc lqjs'k o jke
ujk;u us xhrk dks ekjus dk Iyku cuk;k otykus
dh dksf'k'k fd;k xhrk lqcg Hkkx x;h rhu ekg ckn
ykSVhrc jke ujk;u us Qk;j ekjk igys xhrk dks
ekjk fQj mls ekjusvk;s og Hkkxk rc jke ujk;u us
Qk;j ekjk tks mlds iSj esayxkA lqjs'k vkxs ls ?ksj
jgk FkkA nwljk Qk;j >Yyj us fd;k tkslqjs'k dks
yxkA ;g Hkh dgk gS fd mlus na0 iz0 la0 dh /kkjk
156Â1⁄43Â1⁄2 ds vUrxZr nj[kkLr fn;k Fkk ml ij
eqdnek dk;e gqvkA

21 vc fopkj.kh; iz'u ;g gS fd D;k ?kVuk
vfHk;kstuds dFkukuqlkj ?kfVr gqbZ vFkok cpko i{k
ds vuqlkj rksvfHk;kstu dFkkud ;g gS fd e`rdk
xhrk dks ?kVuk ds djhc lokrhu ekg igys
vihykFkhZ
ey[kku
Hkxk
ys
x;k
FkkA
fnukad15&10&1997 dks e`rdk dk ifr lqjs'k e`rdk
dks Qrsgiqj ls ?kjys vk;k FkkA ?kVuk ds fnu
fnukad 18&10&1997 dks jkf= djhclk<s lkr cts
e`rdk vius cPps dks ukcnku ij VV~Vh djk jghFkh
mlh le; vihykFkhZ ey[kku o mldk cguksbZ
vuUrw vkdje`rdk ds ifr dks xkfy;ka nsus yxs vkSj
dgk fd ;g esjh vkSjrgksdj jgsxhA e`rdk us
xkfy;ka nsus o lkFk tkus ls euk fd;k blij
vihykFkhZ ey[kku us e`rdk dks reaps ls xksyh ekj
nh ftllsog ekSds ij ej x;hA oknh deys'k mlds
firk jke ujk;u rFkke`rdk ds ifr lqjs'k us tc
vihykFkhZ o vfHk;qDr vuUrw dk ihNkfd;k rks [ksr
esa vihykFkhZ ey[kku us pqVSy lqjs'k dks xksyh ekjnh
ftlls mls pksVsa vk;hA

22 vfHk;kstu dh vksj ls vius dFku ds
leFkZu esavfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 1 deys'k Â1⁄4oknh
eqdnekÂ1⁄2] vfHk;kstu lk{khla[;k 2 jke ujk;u rFkk
vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 3 lqjs'kÂ1⁄4pqVSy@e`rdk ds
ifrÂ1⁄2 dks ijhf{kr djk;k x;k gSA

23 vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 1 deys'k us vius
c;kuesa ;g dgk gS fd og eqyfteku vuUrw o
ey[kku dks tkurk gSAey[kku mlds xkao dk jgus
okyk gSA vuUrw] ey[kku ds cguksbZgSA vuUrw mlds
xk¡o vkrs tkrs FksA og mUgsa Hkh ?kVuk ds igys
lstkurk gSA mldh pkph xhrk nsoh FkhA xhrk dh
xksyh ekjdjgR;k gks x;h gSA dRy ds yxHkx lok
rhu ekg igys eqyfteey[kku xhrk dks Hkxk ys
x;k Fkk mlds pkpk dRy ds pkj fnuigys dpgjh
esa ey[kku ls lqygukek yxok dj ?kj ys
vk;sAvkt ls yxHkx ,d lky ikap ekg dh ?kVuk
gSA yxHkx lk<slkr cts jkf= dk le; Fkk og o
mlds firk jke ujk;u viusdfV;k e'khu ls pkjk
dkV jgs FksA ?kj esa mlds pkpk lqjs'k] nknhc`tjkuh]
pkph xhrk nsoh Fkh vkSj dksbZ ugha FkkA vkaxu esa
va/ksjk Fkkysfdu ykyVsu ty jgh FkhA mldh pkph
xhrk vius cPps dksukcnku ij VV~Vh djk jgh Fkh
mlh le; ey[kku o vuUrwvk;kA ;s yksx vkdj
mlds pkpk dks xkyh nsus yxs ey[kku dgjgs Fks fd
;g rqEgkjh vkSjr ugha gS esjh gS rFkk esjh cudj
jgsxhAmldh pkph us ey[kku dks xkyh nsus ls euk
fd;k rFkk lkFk esatkus ls euk fd;kA og o mlds
firk] pkpk ds njokts ij vkx;sA ey[kku us vius
gkFk esa fy, reapk ls mldh pkph dksxksyh ekj
fn;kA xksyh ekjdj eqyfteku Hkkxs mlds pkpk
lqjs'k]og rFkk mlds firk us eqyfteku dk ihNk
fd;kA ihNk djus ijdqN nwj tkus ij ey[kku us
cpqu ds [ksr esa mlds pkpk lqjs'kdks Hkh xksyh ekj
fn;k mlds pkpk ogha fxj x;sA blds ckn geyksxksa
us pkpk dks lnj vLirky esa ykdj HkrhZ fd;kA ;g
Hkhdgk fd mldh pkph vkaxu esa gh tgka mUgsa xksyh
ekjh x;h Fkhfxjdj ej x;hA pkpk dks vLirky esa
HkrhZ djkus ds ckn mlusckcw yky ls rgjhj
fy[kk;kA bl lk{kh us rgjhj izn'kZ d&1 ijvius
2 All. Malkhan Singh Vs State of U.P.
145
gLrk{kj dh iqf"V djrs gq, lkfcr fd;k gS rFkk ;g
dgk gSfd og rgjhj ysdj vdsys Fkkuk gqlSuxat
x;k rFkk rgjhj nhokulkgc dks fn;kA eqdnek
fy[kk x;k mlds ckn njksxkth ?kj vk;smlus
njksxkth dks ?kVukLFky fn[kk fn;k FkkA

24 vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 2 jke ujk;u us
vius c;ku esa;g dgk gS fd ?kVuk ds djhc lok
rhu ekg igys ey[kku] xhrknsoh tks mlds NksVs
HkkbZ lqjs'k dh iRuh Fkh dks Hkxk ys x;k FkkA?kVuk
gq, yxHkx ,d lky ikap ekg gqvk tc xhrk dk
dRylk<s lkr cts 'kke dks gqvk Fkk ml le; og
o deys'k dfV;ke'khu ij pkjk dkV jgs FksA lqjs'k
o mldh eka rFkk xhrk ?kj dsvUnj FkhA ogka
ykyVsu ty jgh FkhA ey[kku o vuUrw lk<s
lkrcts 'kke dks vk;s rFkk mlds HkkbZ lqjs'k dks
xkyh nsus yxs dgusyxs fd lkys ;g rqEgkjh ugh
jgsxh gekjh cudj jgsxhA ge yksxe'khu can dj
njokts ds ikl vk x;sA xhrk us tokc fn;k
fdey[kku xkyh ls eryc ugha gS vc ge rqEgkjs
lkFk ughsa tk;sxsarc ey[kku us vius gkFk esa fy,
reaps ls xksyh ekj fn;kA xksyhxhrk ds flj esa yxh
vkSj og [kRe gks x;h tc ey[kku xksyhekjdj Hkxs
rc og] mldk yMdk deys'k o lqjs'k us ihNk
fd;k
Hkkx dj 2&3 ?kj ckn ?kqers gq, cpqu flag ds [ksr
esa ey[kku oge yksx igqaps mldk HkkbZ vkxs FkkA
ey[kku us ?kwedj mlds HkkbZlqjs'k dks xksyh ekjkA
xksyh lqjs'k dks yxh og fxj x;k rceqyfteku Hkkx
x;sA og mldk yMdk rFkk xkao ds vkSj yksxlqjs'k
dks lnj vLirky ys vk;saA og vLirky jg x;k
rFkkyMds dks Fkkus HkstkA deys'k us ckcw yky ls
rgjhj fy[kok;kAQrsgiqj esa MkDVj us tokc ns fn;k
rc HkkbZ dks y[kuÃ... ys x;kAftjg esa ;g crk;k gS
fd ?kVuk ds le; og o lqjs'k ,d ghedku esa
vyx vyx jgrs FksA mls fn'kk dh tkudkjh gSA
edkuesa og mRrj jgrk gS o lqjs'k nf{k.k jgrs gSa
mudk eqgkj iwjc gSAmlds edku ds iwjc o mRrj
jkLrk gSA mlds edku ds mRrjjkLrs ds ckn mldk
NIij gS ftlesa mldh dfV;k e'khu gSA mlhe'khu
ds ikl og o deys'k ekStwn FksA

25 vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 3 lqjs'k
Â1⁄4pqVSyÂ1⁄2 gSa mlus viusc;ku esa ;g dgk gS fd
og eqyfteku gkftj vnkyr dks tkurkgS buds
uke ey[kku o vuUrw gSaA e`rdk xhrk mldh iRuh
FkhAxhrk dk lEca/k ey[kku ls gks x;k FkkA dRy ds
lok rhu ekgigys ey[kku mldh iRuh xhrk dks
ysdj Hkkx x;k FkkA ?kVuk dsrhu fnu igys og
xhrk dks Qrsgiqj ls vius ?kj ys x;kA ?kVukgq,
Ms< lky gqvkA 'kke ds lk<s lkr cts dk le; Fkk
og ?kj esacSBk FkkA xhrk cPps dks ukcnku esa VV~Vh
djk jgh FkhA mldkHkkbZ o Hkrhtk e'khu esa pkjk
dkV jgs FksA ey[kku o vuUrw reapkfy, gq, mlds
njokts ij vk;s rFkk mls xkyh nsus yxsA ey[kkuus
dgk fd eknjpksn xhrk esjh gS og mls ys tk;sxk
bl ij xhrkus euk fd;k vkSj dgk fd xkyh er nks
vc eSa rsjs lkFk ughatkaÃ...xh rc ey[kku us xhrk dks
reaps ls xksyh ekj fn;kA xhrkdks xksyh yxh xhrk
rc fxj dj ej x;hA og] mldk HkkbZ jkeujk;u]
Hkrhtk deys'k rhuksa us ey[kku o vuUrw dk ihNk
fd;ktc ?kj ds ihNs cpqu flag ds [ksr esa igqapk rc
ey[kku o vuUrwus xksyh ekjkA ey[kku dh xksyh
mls ukd o vka[k ij yxh rFkk
vuUrw dh xksyh ey[kku dks yxh og ogha fxj x;k
rFkk ey[kkuHkkx x;kA ey[kku dh xksyh ls pksV
yxus ij mlds nkfguh vka[kdh jks'kuh pyh x;hA
mls jke ujk;u o deys'k mBkdj yk;sAcSyxkMh esa
ykndj ckjgehy uke ds pkSjkgs ij yk;s fQj
mldkHkkbZ pejkok ls cl yk;k ftlls og Qrsgiqj
vLirky x;kAQrsgiqj vLirky esa mldk MkDVjh
eqvkbuk gqvkA QrsgiqjvLirky ls mls y[kuÃ...
esfMdy dkyst Hkstk x;k tgka mldkbykt gqvk A

26 bl izdkj mijksDr rhuksa lkf{k;ksa us vius
c;kuksa esavfHk;kstu dFkkud dk leFkZu djrs gq, ;g
crk;k gS fdvihykFkhZ ey[kku us xhrk dks xksyh
ekjh ftlds QyLo:i mldhe`R;q gks x;h vkSj tc
xokgku o pqVSy us vihykFkhZ dk ihNkfd;k rks cpqu
flag ds [ksr esa vihykFkhZ us pqVSy lqjs'k dks Hkhxksyh
ekj nh ftlls mls pksVsa vk;hA ;|fi vihykFkhZ dk
;gdFku gS fd cnukeh ds dkj.k oknh i{k ds yksxksa
us e`rdk dksxksyh ekjh FkhA fQj mls ekjus vk;s tc
og Hkkxk rks jke ujk;uus Qk;j ekjk tks mlds iSj
esa yxkA ;g Hkh dgk fd lqjs'k dks>Yyj dk Qk;j
yxk FkkA

27 cpko i{k dh vksj ls cpko lk{kh la[;k
2 ds :i esatSjke flag dks ijhf{kr djk;k x;k gS
mlus vius c;ku esa ;gdgk gS fd og fl/kkjh ds
iqjok ds jke ujk;u] deys'k] lqjs'k dkstkurk gSA
f'koeaxy ds iqjok ds fot;iky o esok dks tkurk
gSrFkk gjhjke dks tkurk gSA ey[kku eqyfte dks
Hkh tkurk gSAlqjs'k dh vkSjr dk dRy gq, yxHkx
nks lky gqvkA vkB cts jkf=dks gqvk FkkA Qk;j ij
og ogka igqapkA lqjs'k us crk;k fd mlusviuh iRuh
dks ekj fn;k gS og cntkr FkhA bldks ekjus ds
cknmijksDr 6 yksx lqjs'k vkfn ey[kku ds ?kj x;s
og Hkh x;k] cgqryksx x;s FksA lqjs'k dg jgk Fkk fd
146 INDIAN LAW REPORTS ALLAHABAD SERIES
mlus viuh iRuh dks ekjfn;k gS vc ey[kku dks
ekjsxsaA ey[kku Hkkxdj [ksr esa igqapkAfot;iky us
ihNs ls Qk;j fd;k og ey[kku dks yxkA esok us
HkhQk;j fd;k og lqjs'k dks yxkA fot; iky ds
ikl nks uyhykblsalh cUnwd o esok ds ikl ,duyh
cUnwd FkhA ckdh lc yksx
reapk fy, FksA bl rjg ;g Li"V gS fd bl lk{kh
us lqjs'k dscrkus ij e`rdk dh gR;k qjs'k }kjk djus
dh ckr dgh gSrFkk ;g Hkh crk;k gS fd fot;iky
dk Qk;j vihykFkhZ ey[kkudks yxk Fkk vkSj esok ds
Qk;j ls pqVSy lqjs'k dks pksVsa vk;h Fkhrks
mYys[kuh; gS fd vihykFkhZ ey[kku us vius c;ku
vUrxZr/kkjk 313 na0 iz0 la0 esa jke ujk;u }kjk
e`rdk ij Qk;j djusdh ckr dgh gS vkSj jke
ujk;u ds Qk;j ls gh mlds iSj esa pksVyxus dk
mYys[k fd;k gSA ,slh n'kk esa vihykFkhZ ds c;ku
vUrxZr /kkjk 313 na0 iz0 la0 esa mfYyf[kr dFku o
cpko lk{khla[;k 2 tSjke flag ds c;kuksa esa
fojks/kkHkkl gSA vihykFkhZ ey[kkuus jke ujk;u }kjk
e`rdk dh gR;k dkfjr djuk o mls Hkh Qk;jdj
pksV igqapkus dh ckr dgh gS tc fd cpko lk{kh
la[;k 2tSjke flag dk blls fHkUu dFku gS fd
fot;iky flag dk Qk;j14vihykFkhZ ey[kku dks
yxk rFkk esok dk Qk;j lqjs'k dks yxkAbl fLFkfr
esa cpko lk{kh la[;k 2 tSjke flag dk dFku fdlh
Hkhizdkj ls LokHkkfod ,oa fo'oluh; izrhr ugha gksrk
gSA fQj dksbZO;fDr vius fo:} lk{; ,df=r djus
gsrq fdlh ls ;g ughadgsxk fd mlus viuh iRuh
dk dRy dj fn;k gSA ,slh n'kk esaHkh bl lk{kh dk
mDr dFku fdlh Hkh izdkj ls LokHkkfod
,oafo'oluh; izrhr ugh gksrk gS cfYd vihykFkhZ dks
cpkus ds vk'k;ls xyr dFku djus ds rF; ls
badkj ugha fd;k tk ldrk gSA

28 ;gk¡ ;g Hkh mYys[kuh; gS fd cpko
lk{kh la[;k 1xkSjh 'kadj us vius c;ku esa ;g
crk;k gS fd vuUrw mldh nqdkuij dke djrk FkkA
?kVuk ds fnu og lqcg 10 cts ls jkf= 8 cts
rd mldh nqdku ij dke djrk FkkA pwafd
vfHk;qDr vuUrw dksfo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk
nks"keqDr dj fn;k x;k gSA ,slhn'kk esa cpko lk{kh
l[a ;k 1 xkSjh 'kda j dh lk{; ij vc blLrj ij
fopkj djus dh dksbZ vko';drk ugha jg tkrh
gSA;gka ;g Hkh mYys[kuh; gS fd vihykFkhZ us vius
c;ku vUrxZr/kkjk 313 na0 iz0 la0 esa ;g dFku
fd;k gS fd mlus ,d vkosnui= vUrxZr /kkjk 156
1⁄43Â1⁄2 na0 iz0 la0 ds vUrxZr izFke lwpukfjiksVZ ntZ
djkus gsrq izLrqr fd;k FkkA vihykFkhZ dh vksj
lsvfHkys[k ij /kkjk 156 Â1⁄43Â1⁄2 na0 iz0 la0 ds
vkosnu i= dh izekf.krNk;k izfrfyfi izn'kZ [k&1
Hkh nkf[ky dh x;h gS ftlesa vihykFkhZus >Yyj dk
Qk;j mlds nkfgus iSj esa yxus dk mYys[k fd;k gS
mDr vkosnu i= vUrxZr /kkjk 156 Â1⁄43Â1⁄2 na0 iz0
la0 esa vihykFkhZey[kku us >Yyj ds Qk;j ls mls
pksV vkus dk mYys[k fd;k gStc fd vius c;ku
vUrxZr /kkjk 313 na0 iz0 la0 esa jke ujk;u
ds Qk;j ls pksV vkus dh ckr dgh gSA ,slh n'kk esa
vihykFkhZ dkdFku cukoVh izrhr gksrk gSA fQj
cpko i{k dh vksj lsvfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 1
deys'k dks ;g lq>ko fn;k x;k gS fd>Yyj ds
Qk;j ls ey[kku dks pksVs vk;h rFkk vfHk;kstu
lk{khla[;k 2 jke ujk;u dks ;g lq>ko fn;k x;k
fd lqjs'k us ey[kkudks xksyh ekjh o vfHk;kstu
lk{kh la[;k 3 lqjs'k dks ;g lq>kofn;k x;k fd
ey[kku ds Hkkxus ij >Yyj us mls xksyh ekjh
gksAbl rjg xokgksa dks cpko i{k dh vksj ls fHkUu
fHkUu lq>ko fn,x;s gSaA vihykFkhZ ds c;ku vUrxZr
/kkjk 313 na0 iz0 la0 ,oaxokgksa dks fn;s x;s lq>ko
rFkk cpko lk{kh la[;k 2 tSjke flagds dFku esa
fHkUurk gSA ,slh n'kk esa cpko i{k dh
dgkuhLokHkkfod ,oa fo'oluh; ugha ik;h tkrh gSA

29 ;g ckr vo'; gS fd vfHk;kstu lk{kh
la[;k 1deys'k rFkk vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 2 jke
ujk;u dh lk{; esavihykFkhZ dh pksVksa ds lEca/k esa
dksbZ Li"Vhdj.k ugha vk;k gSA
vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 3 lqjs'k us vius c;ku esa ;g
crk;k gS fdvuUrw ds Qk;j ls vihykFkhZ ey[kku
dks pksVsa vk;h FkhA vihykFkhZey[kku dh pksVksa dk
MkDVjh ijh{k.k MkDVj ds0 Mhmik/;k; }kjk fnukad
18&10&1997 dks le; 10&45 cts jkf= ijfd;k
x;k FkkA MkDVjh ijh{k.k ds le; vihykFkhZ ey[kku
ds'kjhj ij fuEufyf[kr pksVsa ik;h x;h gSa%&

1& vkXus;kL= dk izos'k ?kko nkfguh
tka?k ij lkeus chp esa 2-5lseh0 x 2 lseh0A rktk
[kwu Hkjk FkkA

2& vkXus;kL= dk fudkl ?kko 2-5
lseh0 x 1.5 lseh0 nkfguhtka?k ijA pksVksa esa [kwu
Hkjk FkkA

30 vihykFkhZ dh batjh fjiksVZ dks izn'kZ [k&1
ds :i esavfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 4 MkDVj gfj'k
pUnz JhokLro }kjkizekf.kr fd;k x;k gSA

31 mYys[kuh; gS fd MkDVj dfiy nso
mik/;k; dkslk{; esa ijhf{kr ugha djk;k x;k gSA ;s
2 All. Malkhan Singh Vs State of U.P.
147
pksVsa pqVSy ds fdlheeZLFky ij ugha gSaA pksVsa
vihykFkhZ ey[kku dh tka?k ij ik;stkus dk mYys[k
fd;k x;k gSA vUrfjd {kfr ,oa gM~Mh VwVusvkfn ds
lEca/k esa dksbZ lk{; vfHkys[k ij miyC/k ugha gSA
;|fivfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 3 lqjs'k us vius c;ku
esa vihykFkhZey[kku dks vuUrw ds Qk;j ls pksVsa vkus
dk mYys[k fd;k gSA;fn ge bl Li"Vhdj.k dks
i;kZIr Hkh u ekus rc Hkh mDr vk/kkj
ij vfHk;kstu dFkkud fdlh izdkj ls izHkkfor ugha
gksrk gSAvfHk;kstu dh vksj ls ?kVuk ds lanHkZ esa
rhu xokgksa dk ijhf{krdjk;k x;k gS ftlesa
vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 3 lqjs'k Lo;a pqVSygS rFkk
mldk MkDVjh ijh{k.k MkDVj dfiy nso mik/;k;
}kjkfnukad 18&10&1997 dks le; 10&30 cts jkf=
fd;k x;k Fkkmlds 'kjhj ij fuEufyf[kr pksVsa ik;h
x;h gSa%&

1& vkXus;kL= dk izos'k ?kko nkfgus
dku ds ihNs 2 lseh0 O;kldk] rkts [kwu ls Hkjk
gqvk ekal rd xgjkA

2& vkXus;kL= ds fudyus dk ?kko
nkfgus xky ij ukd dscxy esa 5 lseh0 x 4 lseh0A
gM~fM;ka VVw h gqbZ rktk [kwufudyrk gqvk ekal rd
xgjkA

32 pqVSy dh batjh fjiksVZ dh Nk;k izfr
izn'kZ d&3 dksvfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 4 MkDVj
gfj'k pUnz JhokLro }kjk lkfcrfd;k x;k gSA

33 batjh fjiksVZ ds voyksdu ls ;g fofnr
gksrk gS fdpqVSy lqjs'k dks mlds dku ds ikl
vkXus;kL= dk izos'k ?kko ik;kx;k Fkk ftldk
fudkl ?kko xky ij ukd ds cxy esa Fkk
rFkkgM~fM;ka Hkh VwVh gqbZ ik;h x;h gSA blls ;g
Li"V gS fd pqVSylqjs'k dks mlds psgjs o dku ds
ikl eeZLFky ij vkXus;kL= dhpksVsa ik;h x;h Fkh
rFkk gM~fM;ka Hkh VwVh gqbZ FkhA

34 e`rdk dk iksLVekVZe vfHk;kstu lk{kh
la[;k 4 MkDVjgfj'k pUnz JhokLro }kjk fd;k x;k
FkkA e`rdk ds flj esavkXus;kL= dk izos'k ?kko o
mldk fudkl ?kko ik;k x;k FkkAe`rdk ds iSjkbZVy]
vkDlhihVy o QzUVy cksu lHkh VwVs gq, FksAMkDVj
us vius c;ku esa ;g mYys[k fd;k gS fd e`rdk dh
e`R;qfnukad 18&10&1997 dks le; lk<s lkr cts
'kke dks gks ldrhgS rFkk e`rdk dh pksVsa rRdky
e`R;q ds fy, i;kZIr FkhA e`rdk ds'ko dk
iapk;rukek vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 5 mifujh{kd
mnyflag us vius gejkgh mifujh{kd] vkj0 ,l0
'kqDyk ls rS;kjdjk;k FkkA e`rdk dk 'ko vkaxu esa
iMk ik;k x;k FkkA vfHk;kstulk{kh la[;k 1 deys'k]
vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 2 jke ujk;u rFkkvfHk;kstu
lk{kh la[;k 3 lqjs'k Â1⁄4pqVSyÂ1⁄2 dh lk{; ls ;g
lkfcr gSfd e`rdk dks vihykFkhZ ey[kku }kjk reaps
ls Qk;j dj pksVsaigqapk;h x;h Fkh ftlds ifj.kke
Lo:i mldh e`R;q gqbZ gSAvfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 1
deys'k] vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 2 jkeujk;u rFkk
vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 3 lqjs'k dh ftjg esa ,slk
dksbZrF; ugha vk;k gS ftlls ?kVuk ds lEca/k esa
dksbZ lUnsg O;Drfd;k tk lds cfYd mijksDr rhuksa
lkf{k;ksa us ftl rjg ls ?kVukdk o.kZu fd;k gS og
LokHkkfod ,oa fo'oluh; ik;k tkrk gSA ;gckr
vo'; gS fd ?kVuk ds lanHkZ esa fdlh LorU= ,oa
fu"i{k lk{khdks ijhf{kr ugha djk;k x;k gS rks
mYys[kuh; gS fd e`rdk dhgR;k mlds ?kj ds vUnj
vkaxu esa gqbZ FkhA ?kVuk ds le; e`rdkdk ifr
ekStwn FkkA vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 1 deys'k
rFkkvfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 2 jke ujk;u ogha ?kj ds
ikl ekStwn Fkstks dfV;k e'khu ij pkjk dkV jgs Fks
'kksjxqy lqudj os Hkhnjokts ij vk x;s FksA
vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 2 jke ujk;u dhlk{; esa ;g
vk;k gS fd e`rdk ds ifr o vfHk;kstu lk{kh
la[;k2 jke ujk;u dk ,d gh edku Fkk ftlds
vyx vyx fgLls esavfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 1
deys'k rFkk vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 2jke ujk;u o
vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 3 lqjs'k fuokl djrs FksA
buifjfLFkfr;ksa esa xkfy;ksa ds 'kksj ij vfHk;kstu
lk{kh la[;k 1deys'k rFkk vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 2
jke ujk;u dk njokts ijigqapdj ?kVuk ns[kuk
LokHkkfod ,oa fo'oluh; gSA pwafd;g ?kVuk 'kke
lk<s lkr cts dh gS vkSj e`rdk ds ?kj ds
vUnjvkaxu dh gS ogka eksgYyk iMksl o xkao dk
dksbZ O;fDr ekStwn ughaFkkA ,slh n'kk esa ?kVuk ds
lEca/k esa ;fn fdlh LorU= ,oa fu"i{klk{kh dks
ijhf{kr ugha djk;k x;k gS rks mlls vfHk;kstu
dFkkudfdlh Hkh izdkj ls izHkkfor ugha gksrk gSA
fQj vfHk;kstu lk{khla[;k 1 deys'k] vfHk;kstu
lk{kh la[;k 2 jke ujk;u rFkkvfHk;kstu lk{kh
la[;k 3 lqjs'k dh ?kVuk ds le; ekSds ijmifLFkfr
lkfcr gS vkSj mudh lk{; fpfdRlh; lk{; ls
HkhlEiq"V gSA ,slh n'kk esa mijksDr rhuksa lkf{k;ksa dh
lk{; ijvfo'okl djus dk dksbZ vk/kkj izrhr ugha
gksrk gSA

35 vihykFkhZ dh vksj ls ,d rdZ ;g j[kk
x;k fdvfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 1 deys'k] vfHk;kstu
lk{kh la[;k 2 jkeujk;u iq= o firk gS rFkk
148 INDIAN LAW REPORTS ALLAHABAD SERIES
vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 3 lqjs'k]vfHk;kstu lk{kh
la[;k 1 deys'k dk pkpk o vfHk;kstu lk{khla[;k
2 jke ujk;u dk HkkbZ gS tks ,d gh ?kj ds lnL;
gS ,oafgrc} lk{kh gS rks mYys[kuh; gs fd ek=
e`rdk ds ifjokj dslnL; gksus ds ukrs mijksDr
lkf{k;ksa dh lk{; ij vfo'okl djusdk dksbZ i;kZIr
vk/kkj izrhr ugha gksrk gSA 2004 Â1⁄412Â1⁄2 ,l0lh0
lh0 414 HkkxZou ,o a vU; izfr jkT; dsjyk
dsekeys esa ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; }kjk ;g
vo/kkfjr fd;k x;kgS fd%&

7. We shall first deal with the
contention regardinginterestedness of the
witnesses
for
furthering
prosecution
version.Relatinship is not a factor to
affect credibility of a witness. It is more
oftenthan not that a relation would not
conceal
actual
culprit
and
makeallegations against an innocent
person. Foundation has to be laid if
pleaof false implication is made. In such
cases, the court has to adopt acareful
approach and analyse evidence to find out
whether it is cogent
and credible.

36 2018 ,l0 lh0 lh0 529 [kq'khZn
vgenizfr jkT; tEe w ,o a d'ehj ds ekeys esa Hkh
ekuuh; mPpreU;k;ky; }kjk ;g vo/kkfjr fd;k
x;k gS fd ?kVuk ds izR;{kn'khZlkf{k;ksa dh lk{;
;|fi og ihfMr dk lEca/kh gks ;fn mldhlk{;
fo'oluh; gS rks ,sls lkf{k;ksa dh lk{; ij fo'okl
fd;ktkuk pkfg,A

37 vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 1 deys'k]
vfHk;kstu lk{khla[;k 2 jke ujk;u rFkk vfHk;kstu
lk{kh la[;k 3 lqjs'k dhlEiw.kZ lk{; ij lko/kkuh
iwoZd fopkj djus ds mijkUr ge blher ds gSa fd
mijksDr rhuksa lkf{k;ksa dh lk{; ij vfo'okl
djusdk dksbZ vk/kkj izrhr ugha gksrk gS cfYd
mijksDr lkf{k;ksa dhdfFkr ?kVuk ds le; ekSds ij
mifLFkfr lkfcr gS vkSj mudhlk{; fpfdRlh; lk{;
ls Hkh lEiq"V gSA ,slh n'kk esa vihykFkhZ dhvksj ls
j[ks x;s mDr rdZ esa ge dksbZ cy ugha ikrs gSaA

38 vihykFkhZ dh vksj ls ,d rdZ ;g j[kk
x;k fde`rdk] vihykFkhZ ds lkFk Hkkxh Fkh rFkk og
lger i{k FkhA ,slhn'kk esa vihykFkhZ dks mldh
gR;k dkfjr djus dk dksbZ gsrqd ughaFkk cfYd
e`rdk dk vihykFkhZ ds lkFk Hkkx tkus ls oknh i{k
dsyksxksa dh cnukeh gqbZ Fkh blh cnukeh ds dkj.k
mUgksaus e`rdk dhgR;k dkfjr dh gS vkSj e`rdk dh
gR;k oknh i{k ds yksxksa }kjkdjus dk gsrqd Hkh izcy
gSA ,slh n'kk esa vfHk;kstu dgkuhLokHkkfod ,oa
fo'oluh; ugha gSA mYys[kuh; gS fd ;g
?kVukizR;{kn'khZ lk{; ij vk/kkfjr gS tgk¡ ?kVuk
dh izR;{kn'khZ lk{;miyC/k gks ogka ?kVuk ds gsrqd
dk dksbZ fo'ks"k egRo ugha jgtkrk gSA 2016 Â1⁄44Â1⁄2
dzkbel 68 ,l0 lh0 lqizhe dksVZvkQ bf.M;k
ln~nhd mQZ ykyks xqyke gqlSu'ks[k ,o a vU; izfr
jkT; xqtjkr ds ekeys esa ekuuh;mPpre U;k;ky;
}kjk ;g O;oLFkk nh x;h gS fd%&

22. It is settled leagal position
that even if the absence of motive,
asalleged, is accepted, that is of no
consequence and pales intoinsignificance
when direct evidence establishes the
crime. Therefore, incase there is direct
trustworthy evidence of witnesses as to
commissionof an offence, the motive part
loses
its
significance.
Therefore,
if
thegenesis of the motive of the occurrence
is not proved, the oculartestimony of the
witnesses as to the occurrence can not be
discardedonly on the ground of absence of
motive, if otherwise the evidence is
worthy of reliance. [ See: Hari Shankar
Vs. State of U.P., (1996) 9 SCC40;
Bikau Pandey & Ors. Vs. State of
Bihar,
(2003)
12
SCC
616;
Abu20Thakir & Ors. Vs. State of Tamil
Nadu, (2010) 5 SCC 91 ; State of
U.P.Vs. Kishanpal & Ors., (2008) 16
SCC 73; and Bipin Kumar MondalVs.
State of West Bengal, (2010) 12 SCC 91
]

39 blh vk'k; dk er ekuuh; mPpre
U;k;ky; us2016 Â1⁄44Â1⁄2 dzkbel 121 ,l0 lh0
lqizhe dksVZ vkQbf.M;k ;ksxs'k flag izfr egkchj
flag ,o a vU; esa O;Drfd;k gSA

40 mYys[kuh; gS fd vfHk;kstu ds vuqlkj
;g ?kVuk blizdkj crk;h x;h gS fd ?kVuk ds
2 All. Malkhan Singh Vs State of U.P.
149
djhc lok rhu ekg igysvihykFkhZ ey[kku e`rdk dks
Hkxk ys x;k FkkA fnukad15&10&1997 dks e`rdk dk ifr
mls Qrsgiqj ls okil ?kj ysvk;k FkkA fnukad
18&10&1997 dks jkf= djhc lk<s lkr ctsvihykFkhZ
ey[kku vius cguksbZ vuUrw ds lkFk e`rdk ds ?kj
x;krFkk e`rdk ds ifr dks xkfy;ka nsrs gq, cksyk fd ;g
vkSjr mldhgksdj jgsxhA e`rdk us xkyh nsus ls euk
fd;k vkSj vihykFkhZ dslkFk tkus ls badkj dj fn;k rc
vihykFkhZ us reaps ls e`rdk dksxksyh ekj nh ftlls
mldh ekSds ij e`R;q gks x;hA vfHk;kstulk{kh la[;k 1
deys'k] vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 2 jke ujk;u
rFkkvfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 3 lqjs'k us tc vihykFkhZ o
lg&vfHk;qDrvuUrw dk ihNk fd;k rks [ksr esa vihykFkhZ
us e`rdk ds ifr lqjs'kdks Hkh xksyh ekj nh ftlls mls
xEHkhj pksVsa vk;hA vfHk;kstudgkuh ls ;g Li"V gS fd
;g ?kVuk nks Hkkxksa esa ?kfVr gqbZ gSAizFke e`rdk ds ?kj esa
rFkk nlw jh [ksr esAa vfHk;kstu ds vuqlkj]vihykFkhZ o
mldk cguksbZ vuUrw e`rdk ds ?kj ij x;s rFkkvihykFkhZ
ey[kku us xkfy;ka nsrs gq, e`rdk ds ifr ls ;g
dgkfd ;g vkSjr mldh gksdj jgsxh tc e`rdk us
xkyh nsus ls eukfd;k rFkk vihykFkhZ ds lkFk tkus ls
badkj dj fn;k rcvihykFkhZ ey[kku us e`rdk dks
mlds ?kj ds vUnj xksyh ekj nhAbl ?kVuk dks e`rdk
ds ifr lqjs'k Â1⁄4vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 3Â1⁄2]deys'k
vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 1 rFkk jke ujk;u
vfHk;kstulk{kh la[;k 2 us ns[kk gSA mijksDr rhuksa
lkf{k;ksa ds c;kuksa esa blrjg dh dksbZ ckr ugh vk;h gS
ftlls dh ?kVuk ds lEca/k esa dksbZlansg O;Dr fd;k tk
lds cfYd mijksDr rhuksa lkf{k;ksa ds c;kuksals ;g fl}
gS fd dfFkr ?kVuk ds le; vihykFkhZ us e`rdk dksreaps
ls xksyh ekj nh ftlls mldh ?kj ds vUnj vkaxu esa
e`R;qgks x;h rRi'pkr vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 1 deys'k]
vfHk;kstulk{kh la[;k 2 jke ujk;u rFkk vfHk;kstu
lk{kh la[;k 3 lqjs'k usvihykFkhZ o lg&vfHk;qDr vuUrw
dk ihNk fd;k rks FkksMh nwjtkdj [ksr esa vihykFkhZ us
lqjs'k dks xksyh ekj nh ftlls mldspsgjs o dku ds
ikl ?kkrd pksVsa vk;haA vihykFkhZ dks Hkh tka?k
esavkXus;kL= dh pksVsa vkuk crk;k x;k gSA ;|fi
vfHk;kstu lk{khla[;k 3 lqjs'k us vuUrw ds Qk;j ls
vihykFkhZ ey[kku ds iSj esapksVsa vkus dk mYys[k fd;k
gSA vihykFkhZ ey[kku us vius c;kuvUrxZr /kkjk 313
na0 iz0 la0 esa jke ujk;u ds Qk;j ls mls pksVsyxus
dk mYys[k fd;k gS blls ;g Li"V gS fd vfHk;kstu
lk{khla[;k 3 lqjs'k rFkk vihykFkhZ ey[kku dks tks pksVsa
vkus dk
mYys[k fd;k x;k gS mldks ihNk djrs le; [ksr
esa vkukcrk;k x;k gSA pwafd ;g ?kVuk 'kke lk<s
lkr cts dh crk;h x;hgS vkSj e`rdk dh gR;k
dkfjr
djus
ds
i'pkr
tc
vihykFkhZ
olg&vfHk;qDr Hkkxs rks xokgksa }kjk mudk ihNk
djus dh ckr dghx;h gSA ;|fi vfHk;kstu lk{kh
la[;k 1 deys'k rFkk vfHk;kstulk{kh la[;k 2 jke
ujk;u us vius c;kuks esa vihykFkhZ ey[kku dkspksV
dSls vkSj fdu ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa vk;h gS bldk mYys[k
ughafd;k x;k gS rks ;g gks ldrk gS fd va/ksjk gksus
ds dkj.k ogmldh pksVksa dks u ns[k ik;s gkasA fQj
pksV tka?k ij iSj esa FkhA,slh n'kk esa vihykFkhZ dks
pksV dSls vkSj fdu ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa yxhos u ns[k
ik;sa gksA vfHk;kstu lk{kh la[;k 3 lqjs'k us vius
c;kuesa vihykFkhZ ey[kku dks vuUrw ds Qk;j ls
pksV vkus dh ckrdgh gSA FkksMh nsjs ds fy, ;g eku
fy;k tk, fd vfHk;kstu lk{khla[;k 3 lqjs'k dks
pksV yx x;h Fkh blfy, og ;g u ns[k ldkgks fd
vihykFkhZ ey[kku dks pksV dSls vk;hA xokgksa dh
lk{;ls ;g lkfcr gS fd e`rdk dh gR;k vihykFkhZ
}kjk reaps ls xksyhekjdj e`rdk ds ?kj ds vUnj
vkaxu esa dh x;h Fkh ftlsxokgksa }kjk ns[kk x;k gS
vkSj tc xokgku us mldk ihNk fd;krks [ksr esa
mlus pqVSy lqjs'k dks Hkh xksyh ekj nhA