# Ram Pal v. Commissioner Lko Div. Lko & Ors

- **Citation:** (2026) 3 ILRA 551
- **Court:** High Court of Judicature at Allahabad
- **Decided:** 2026-03-13
- **Case number:** Writ C No. 6199 of 2020
- **Bench:** Irshad Ali
- **Source:** https://unisonlegal.in/judgment/allahabad-high-court/ram-pal-v-commissioner-lko-div-lko-ors-54401
- **Pages:** 9

## Text

3 All. Ram Pal Vs. Commissioner Lko Div. Lko & Ors.
551
14. The writ petition is allowed.
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(2026) 3 ILRA 551
ORIGINAL JURISDICTION
CIVIL SIDE
DATED: LUCKNOW 13.03.2026

BEFORE

THE HON'BLE IRSHAD ALI, J.

Writ C No. 6199 of 2020

Ram Pal ...Petitioner
Versus
Commissioner Lko Div. Lko & Ors. ...Respondents

Issue for consideration
The petitioner's firearm license was cancelled by the District Magistrate based on a show cause notice
regarding his alleged involvement in an FIR, despite his claims of false implication due to local enmity.

Headnotes
A. Constitution of India,1950-Article 226-Arms Act,1959-Section 17(3)-Cancellation of firearms
license-Grounds for revocation-Mere pendency of a criminal case-Firearm not used in the alleged
incident-Requirement of substantive evidence over mere apprehension-Arbitrary exercise of
power-Failure to consider petitioner's reply-Precedents followed-Judicial consensus that
criminal pendency alone is insufficient for revocation-Writ allowed.(Para 8 to 11)
Held
The court held that mere pendency of a criminal case of registration of FIR does not constitute a valid legal
ground for the cancellation or revocation of a firearm license under section 17 of the Act,1959. The court
emphasized that for a license to be revoked in the interest of public peace there must be substantive evidence
of the weapon being misused or a positive incident indicating a genuine threat to the public at large, rather
than a mere apprehension based on individual enmity or pending litigation. The court found that the District
Magistrate's order labeling the petitioner as "criminal minded" without considering his rebuttal or proving
misuse of firearm was arbitrary perverse. Consequently the court quashed the impugned orders. (E-6)

List of Acts
Constitution of India,1950, Arms Act,1959, Indian Penal Code,1860.

List of Keywords
Arm License, Certiorari, Show cause notice, Public Peace and safety, Mere Pendency, Arbitrary and Perverse,
Non-Application of mind, Revocation of an arms license, District Magistrate.

Case Arising from
Civil jurisdiction: WRIT-C No.- 6199 of 2020 13.03.2026
Ram Pal Vs. Commissioner Lucknow Div. Lucknow & Ors
From the judgment and order dated 13.03.2026 of the High Court of judicature at Allahabad.

Appearances for Parties
Adv. for Petitioner(s)
Rajesh Kumar Agnihotri
Adv. for Respondent(s)
552 INDIAN LAW REPORTS ALLAHABAD SERIES
C.S.C.

(Delivered by Hon'ble Irshad Ali, J.)

 1. Heard Mr. Rajesh Kumar Agnihotri, learned counsel for the petitioner and Sri Rajiv
Srivastava, learned Additional Chief Standing Counsel for the State-respondent.

2. By means of the present writ petition, the petitioner is challenging the orders dated
6.11.2019, passed by the respondent No.1 in Appeal No.01077/2019 (Ram Pal Vs. State of U.P.)
under Section 18 of the Arms Act, 1959 as well as order dated 18.3.2019, passed by the respondent
No.2, District Magistrate, Sitapur, contained as Annexures-1 and 2 to the writ petition. Further
prayer has been made for issuance of direction in the nature of mandamus commanding the
respondents to restore the fire arms license of the petitioner bearing license No.418 (DBBL Gun
No.1657/1632) relating to Police Station Kotwali Mishrikh, District Sitapur.

3. Factual matrix of the case is that the petitioner was licensee of DBBL Gun
No.1657/1632 bearing license No.614 relating to police station Kotwali Mishrikh, District Sitapur.
A show cause notice was issued on 29.9.2009 to the petitioner under Section 17(3) of the Arms Act
regarding cancellation of arms license of the petitioner on the ground of involvement of his gun in
criminal case mentioned in the show cause notice that why his license may not be cancelled. The
petitioner submitted his reply before the respondent No.2 on 4.11.2009, denying the allegations
levelled against him with the submission that the petitioner has never misused his gun, but due to
village party bandi and enmity of land dispute, his gun has been falsely been shown in the above
criminal case.

4. The respondent No.2, without going into the merit of the case and ignoring the reply of
the petitioner, cancelled the arms license of the petitioner vide order dated 18.3.2019. Feeling
aggrieved against the order of cancellation, the petitioner preferred an appeal before the respondent
No.1 under Section 18 of Arms Act, which has also been dismissed without considering the
argument advanced by the petitioner, vide order dated 6.11.2019.

5. Feeling aggrieved by the aforesaid impugned orders, the petitioner has filed the present
writ petition.

6. Submission of learned counsel for the petitioner is that the petitioner was granted arms
license for DBBL gun and FIR in the case Crime No.848/2009 under Section 307, 323, 504 and
506 IPC at Police Station Pisawan, District Sitapur has been lodged. In the said FIR, neither the
petitioner has been named, nor has been found involved in any manner and merely on lodging of
the First Information Report, show cause notice was issued to the petitioner on 29.9.2009, asking
him as to why his fire arms license be not cancelled as First Information Report has been registered
against him. The petitioner denied the allegation vide reply dated 4.11.2009, submitting that the
First Information Report has been registered against him due to political reason and enmity with the
respondents, on the basis of false allegations.
3 All. Ram Pal Vs. Commissioner Lko Div. Lko & Ors.
553
7. Learned counsel for the petitioner stated that the petitioner was going to the sister's
house alongwith his gun, which was kept by the police authority at police station and on the next
date, when the petitioner went to take the gun, a First Information Report has been lodged. The
District Magistrate, Sitapur, only recorded the fact that nature of the allegations levelled against the
petitioner are serious and also that the petitioner is a criminal minded person and it cannot be
denied that in future, he will not misuse the licensed weapon and looking to the aforesaid
circumstances, cancelled the license of the petitioner, by means of an order dated 18.3.2019 against
which, an appeal was filed, which was also dismissed vide order dated 6.11.2019.

8. The first question which arises for consideration before this Court is as to whether mere
pendency of criminal case can be a ground for the respondents to cancel the arms license of the
petitioner under the provisions of Arms Act ? A consistent view of this Court has been that merely
on account of pendency of a criminal case fire arm's license cannot be cancelled. In Writ-C
No.31473 of 2019 this Court by means of its order dated 14.9.2022 has held as under:-

 "(8) In support of his submission, learned counsel for the petitioner has placed reliance
on the judgments passed by this Court in the cases of Ram Murti Madhukar vs. District Magistrate,
Sitapur [1998 (16) LCD-905], Ram Karpal Singh vs. Commissioner, Devi Patan Mandal, Gonda
and Ors. [2006 (24) LCD 114] and Ram Prasad vs. Commissioner and Ors. decided on 07.02.2020
in Writ-C No. 56378 of 2006, wherein it has been held that mere pendency of criminal case or
apprehension of misuse of arms are not sufficient grounds for passing the order of suspension or
revocation of licence under Section 17 of the Act.

 (9) In Ram Murti Madhukar (supra), this Court has held in paragraph no. 8, is quoted as
under :-

 (8) It is also well settled in law that mere pendency of criminal case or apprehension of
abuse of Arms Act, are not sufficient ground for passing of the order of suspension or revocation of
licence under Section 17 of the Act. A reference in this regard may be made to the decisions of this
Court in Ganesh Chandra Bhatt v. D. M. Almora, AIR 1993 All 291"

 (10) In the case of Ram Karpal Singh (supra), this Court has held as following in
paragraph nos. 6 and 7 which are being reproduced hereunder:-

 '6, Learned counsel for the petitioner had relied upon the two judgments of this Court
reported in 2002 ACC; Habib v. State of U.P

 7. Para 3 of the said judgment is reproduced as under:

 "Para 3: The question as to whether mere involvement in a criminal case or pendency of
a criminal case can be a ground for revocation of the license under Arrns Act, has been deal with
by a Division Bench in this Court reported in Sheo Prasad Misra v. The District Magistrate, Basti
and others, wherein the Division Bench relying upon the earlier decision reported in Mai Uddin v.
Commissioner, Allahabad, found that mere involvement in criminal case cannot be in any way
affect the public security or public interest and the order canceling or revoking the .licence of fire
554 INDIAN LAW REPORTS ALLAHABAD SERIES
arm has been set aside. The present impugned order also suffers from the same infirmity as was
pointed out by the Division Bench in the above mentioned cases. I am in full agreement with the
view taken by the Division Bench that these orders cannot be sustained and deserve to be quashed
and are hereby quashed.'

 (11) This Court in the case of Ram Prasad (supra) has held as under. Relevant
paragraphs of the said judgments i.e. 16,19,22,23,24,25,28,32 and 36 are being quoted
hereunder:-

 "16. The matter which requires consideration is, whether on the ground of pendency of
the criminal case the petitioner's fire arm licence could be cancelled and his appeal could be
dismissed, notwithstanding his acquittal on 17.1.2003. It also requires consideration if the ground
in the impugned orders that if the petitioner's fire arm licence remain with the petitioner, it would
not be in the public interest and public security, are justified for cancellation and based on
substantial material."

 19. In Masiuddin Vs. Commissioner, Allahabad Division, Allahabad and another
reported in 1972 A.L.J. 573 this Court held in paragraph Nos. 4 and 7 as under:

 "4. After a license is granted, the right to hold the license and possess a gun is a valuable
individual right in a free country. The security of public peace and public safety is a valuable
social interest. Section 17 shows that Parliament had decided that neither of the two valuable
interests should unduly impinge on the other Section 17 seeks to establish a fair equilibrium
between the two contending interests. It says: Hear the licensee first; and then cancel the license "if
necessary for the security of the public peace or for public safety". True, there is no express
provision for hearing. But the nature of the right affected, the language of Sec. 17, the grounds for
cancellation, the requirement of a reasoned order and the right of appeal plainly implicate a fair
hearing procedure. Jai Narain Rai v. District Magistrate, Azamgarh. While cancelling a licence,
the District Magistrate acts as a quasi-judicial authority.

 7. A license may be cancelled, inter alia on the ground that it is "necessary for the
security of the public peace or for public safety" to do so. The District Magistrate has not recorded
a finding that it was necessary for the security of the public peace or for public safety to revoke the
license. The mere existence of enmity between a licensee and another person would not establish
the ''necessary' connection with security of public peace or public safety. There should be
something more than mere enmity. There should be some evidence of the provocative utterances of
the licensee or of his suspicious movements or of his criminal designs and conspiracy in
reinforcement of the evidence of enmity. It is not possible to give an exhaustive list of facts and
circumstances from which an inference of threat to public security or public peace may be
deduced. The District Magistrate will have to take a decision on the facts of each case. But in the
instant case there is nothing in his order to indicate that it was necessary for the security of the
public peace or for public safety to cancel the license of the petitioner. Mere enmity is not
sufficient."
3 All. Ram Pal Vs. Commissioner Lko Div. Lko & Ors.
555
 22. In Chhanga Prasad Sahu Vs. State of U.P. and others reported in 1984 AWC 145
(FB), after noticing the provisions of Section 17 (3) of the Arms Act the Full Bench in paragraph 5
held as follows:

 "A perusal of abovementioned provisions indicates that the licensing authority has been
given the power to suspend or revoe an arms licence only if any of the conditions mentioned in subclauses (a) to (e) of sub-section (3) of Section 17 of Act exists." sub section (5) of Section 17 makes
it obligatory upon the licensing authority to, while passing the order revoking/suspending an arms
licence, record in writing the reasons therefore and to, on demand, furnish a brief statement
thereof to the holder of the license unless it considers that it will not be in the public interest to do
so."

 In paragraph-9 it has been emphasised as under:-

 "it is true that in order to revoke/suspend an arms licence, the licensing authority has
necessarily to come to the conclusion that the facts justifying revocation/suspension of licence
mentioned in grounds (a) to (e) of section 17 exist"

 23. In Ilam Singh v. Commissioner, Meerut Division and others [1987 ALL. L.J. 416] this
Court held that under Section 17(3) (b) the licencing authority may suspend or revoke a licence if it
becomes necessary for the security of public peace or public safety. In this case no report was
lodged against the licensee indicating that he had used the gun in the incident which led to the
breach of public peace or public safety. It was held that there must be some positive incident in
which the petitioner participated and used his gun which led to breach of public peace or public
safety and in the absence of the use of the gun by the licencee against the security of public peace
or public safety the licence of the gun could not be suspended or revoked. The relevant paragraphs
4 and 5 of the judgment in Ilam Singh (supra) are being reproduced as under:

 "4. Having heard the learned counsel for the petitioner I am of the view that the
submissions raised by the learned counsel for the petitioner cannot be said to be without substance.
Section 17(3) (b) of the Arms Act enacts that licensing authority may by order in writing suspend a
licence or revoke the same if it becomes necessary for the security of public peace or the public
safety. When once a person has been granted a licence and he acquires a gun, it becomes one of his
properties. In the present case no incident of breach of security of the public peace or public sfety
at the behest of the petitioner has been pointed out. Even no report was lodged against the
petitioner indicating that he used his gun in the incident which led to the breach of public peace or
public safety. Even though some reports might have been lodged but that could not be said to be a
sufficient reason to cancel the licence."

 5. There must be some positive incident in which the petitioner participated and used his
gun which led to the breach of the public peace or public safety. In the absence of the use of the
gun by the petitioner against the security of public peace or public safety the licence of the gun of
the petitioner was not liable either to be suspended or revoked. The licensing authority as well as
the Commissioner committed errors on the face of the record in cancelling the licence of the gun
556 INDIAN LAW REPORTS ALLAHABAD SERIES
held by the petitioner in utter disregard of the provisions of Section 17 (3) (b) of the Arms Act. In
view of these facts the impugned orders cannot be sustained and deserves to be quashed."

 24. In Habib v. State of U.P. and others [2002 (44) ACC 783] this Court held that mere
involvement in a criminal case cannot in any way affect the public security or public interest and
the order cancelling or revoking licence of fire arm was not justified. Paragraph 3 of this judgment
reads as under:

 "3. The question as to whether mere involvement in a criminal case or pendency of a
criminal case can be a ground for revocation of the licence under Arms Act, has been dealt with by
a Division Bench of this court reported in Sheo Prasad Misra Vs. The District Magistrate, Basti
and others, wherein the Division Bench relying upon the earlier decision reported in Masi Uddin v.
Commissioner, Allahabad, found that mere involvement in criminal case cannot in any way affect
the public security or public interest and the order cancelling or revoking the licence of fire arm
has been set aside."

 25. In Satish Singh v. District Magistrate, Sultanpur 2009 (4) ADJ 33 (LB), this Court
elaborately explained what is detrimental to the security of the public peace or public safety and
held that mere involvement in criminal case cannot in any way affect the public security or public
interest. Paragraphs 6 and 7 of Satish Singh case (supra) are being reproduced as under:

 "6. A plain reading of section 17 indicates that the arms licence can be cancelled or
suspended on the ground that the licensing authority deems it necessary for security of the public
peace or the public safety. In the present case, while passing the impugned order, neither the
District Magistrate nor the appellate authority has recorded the finding as to how and under what
circumstance, the possession of arms licence by the petitioner, is detrimental to the public peace or
the public security and safety. Merely because criminal case is pending more so, does not seem to
attract the provisions of section 17 of the Arms Act. To attract the provisions of section 17 of the
Arms Act with regard to public peace, security and safety it shall always be incumbent on the
authorities to record a finding that how, under what circumstances and what manner, the
possession of arms licence shall be detrimental to public peace, safety and security. In absence of
such finding merely on the ground that a criminal case is pending without any mitigating
circumstances with regard to endanger of public peace, safety and security, the provisions
contained under Section 17 of the Arms Act, shall not satisfy.

 7. Needless to say that right to life and liberty are guaranteed under Article 21 of the
Constitution of India and the arms licences are granted for personal safety and security after due
inquiry by the authorities in accordance with the provisions contained in Arms Act, 1959. The
provisions of section 17 of the Arms Act with regard to suspension or cancellation of arms licence
cannot be invoked lightly in an arbitrary manner. The provisions contained under Section 17 of the
Arms Act should be construed strictly and not liberally. The conditions provided therein, should be
satisfied by the authorities before proceeding ahead to cancel or suspend an arms licence. We may
take notice of the fact that any reason whatsoever, the crime rate is raising day by day. The
Government is not in a position to provide security to each and every person individually. Right to
possess arms is statutory right but right to life and liberty is fundamental guaranteed by Article 21
3 All. Ram Pal Vs. Commissioner Lko Div. Lko & Ors.
557
of the Constitution of India. Corollary to it, it is citizen's right to possess firearms for their personal
safety to save their family from miscreants. It is often said that ordinarily in a civilised society, only
civilised persons require arms licence for their safety and security and not the criminals. Of course,
in case the government feels that arms licence are abused for oblique motive or criminal activities,
then appropriate measures may be adopted to check such mal-practice. But arms licence should
not be suspended in a routine manner mechanically, without application of mind and keeping in
view the letter and spirit of Section 17 of the Arms Act."

 28. In Thakur Prasad Vs. State of U.P. and others reported 2013(31) LCD 1460 (LB) this
Court after referring to the earlier pronouncements in the case of Ram Murli Madhukar Vs.
District Magistrate, Sitapur [1998 (16) LCD 905] and Habib Vs. State of U.P., 2002 ACC 783,
held in paragraphs 10 and 11 as follows:

 "10. "Public peace" or ''public safety" do not mean ordinary disturbance of law and
order public safety means safety of the public at large and not safety of few persons only and
before passing of the order of cancellation of arm license as per Section 17 (3) of the Act the
Licensing Authority is under an obligation to apply his mind to the question as to whether there
was eminent danger to public peace and safety involved in the case in view of the judgment given
by this court in the case of Ram Murli Madhukar v. District Magistrate, Sitapur [1998 916) LCD
905], wherein it has been held that license can not be suspended or revoked on the ground of
public interest (Jan-hit) merely on the registration of an F.I.R. and pendency of a criminal case."

 11. Further, this Court in the case of Habib v. State of U.P. 2002 ACC 783 held as under:

 "The question as to whether mere Involvement in a criminal case or pendency of a
criminal case can be a ground for revocation of the licence under Arms Act, has been dealt with by
a Division Bench of this Court in Sheo prasad Misra Vs. District Magistrate, Basti and Others,
1978 AWC 122, wherein the Division Bench relying upon the earlier decision in Masi Uddin Vs.
Commissioner, Allahabad, 1972 ALJ 573, found that mere involvement in criminal case cannot, in
any way, affect the public security or public interest and the order cancelling or revoking the
licence of fire arm has been set aside. The present impugned orders also suffer from the same
infirmity as was pointed out by the Division Bench in the above mentioned cases. I am in full
agreement with the view taken by the Division Bench that these orders cannot be sustained and
deserves to be quashed and are hereby quashed.

 There is yet another reason that during the pendency of the present writ petition, the
petitioner has been acquitted from the aforesaid criminal case and at present there is neither any
case pending, nor any conviction has been attributed to the petitioner, as is evident from Annexure
SA-I and II to the supplementary affidavit filed by the petitioner. In this view of the matter, the
petitioner is entitled to have the fire-arm licence."

 32.In Ghanshyam Gupta v. State of U.P. and others [2016 (34) LCD 3035] this Court has
again held that the necessary ingredients to invoke jurisdiction of the licencing authority in terms
of Section 17 were clearly lacking and no finding had been returned on the basis of materials
558 INDIAN LAW REPORTS ALLAHABAD SERIES
produced in that regard by the licencing authority, which must justify passing of the order of
cancellation. Paragraph 9 of the said judgment is being quoted as under:

 "9. In a recent decision of Lucknow Bench of this court in Surya Narain Mishra v. Stae of
U.P. and others, reported in 2015 (7) ADJ 510, similar view has been taken by this Court relying
upon subsequent decisions. Para-14 of the judgment is reproduced:

 "14. In the case of Raj Kumar Verma v. State of U.P., 2013 (80) ACC 231 this court in
paragraph No.3 held as under:-

 "The ground for issue of show-cause notice, suspension and ultimately cancellation of the
licence is that one and precisely one criminal case was registered against the petitioner. The
District Magistrate has also held that the petitioner has been enlarged on bail. He has gone further
to observe that if the licence remained intact, the petitioner, may disturb public peace and
tranquility. The same findings have been given by the Commissioner, Unmindful of the fact that this
Court is repeating the law of the land, but the deaf ears of the administrative officers do not ready
to succumb the law of the land. The settled law is that mere involvement in a criminal case without
any finding that involvement in such criminal case shall be detrimental to public peace and
tranqulity shall not create the ground for the cancellation of Armed Licence. In Ram Suchi v.
Commissioner, Devipatan Division reported in 2004 (22) LCD 1643, it was held that this law was
relied upon in Balram Singh Vs. Satate of U.P. 2006 (24) LCD 1359. Mere apprehension without
substance is simply an opinion which has no legs to stand. Personal whims are not allowed to be
reflected while acting as a public servant.""

9. In the light of the aforesaid judgment, it is crystal clear that mere on account of First
Information Report where evidently the fire arm was never used and there are no allegations of
misuse of fire arms, license could not have been cancelled. The finding recorded by the District
Magistrate, Sitapur that there is likelihood of misuse of fire arms by the petitioner, is also arbitrary
and without there being any material to demonstrate that he is likely to misuse his fire arms. In
absence of any material, the finding in this regard, is illegal and arbitrary.

10. Considering the allegations levelled against the petitioner in show cause notice
and also considering the finding of licensing authority in cancelling the arms license that
there was violation of conditions of Arms Act are arbitrary, perverse and not based on any
cogent reason. Reply of the petitioner has also not been taken into consideration while
passing the impugned order of cancellation as well as in the appeal filed by the petitioner,
therefore, the order dated 6.11.2019, passed by the respondent No.1 as well as order dated
18.3.2019, passed by the respondent No.2 are arbitrary, perverse and not based on cogent
reasons.

11. In the light of the reasons recorded hereinabove, the writ petition is allowed and the
impugned orders dated 18.3.2019 and 6.11.2019 are hereby set aside.

12. No order as to costs.
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3 All. Raj Kumar Verma & Anr. Vs. State of U.P. & Ors.
559
(2026) 3 ILRA 559
ORIGINAL JURISDICTION
CIVIL SIDE
DATED: ALLAHABAD 25.03.2026

BEFORE

THE HON'BLE KSHITIJ SHAILENDRA, J.

Writ C No. 10589 of 2026

Raj Kumar Verma & Anr. ...Petitioners
Versus
State of U.P. & Ors. ...Respondents

Issue for consideration
The petitioners' late father was ordered to pay a stamp duty deficiency and penalty of Rs. 16,55, 150
regarding agricultural plots purchased in 2020. Following his death during revision proceedings, his sons (the
petitioners) challenged the subsequent recovery actions, claiming they inherited no property or assets from
their father's estate.

Headnotes
A. Constitution of India,1950-Article 226-Stamp Act, 1899-Section 48-U.P. Revenue Code,2006Sections 170, 181-Recovery of duties and penalties-Liability of legal representative-Extent of
liability- Recovery of stamp duty deficiency and penalty from the legal representative of a
deceased purchaser-Held, under section 181 of Code 2006, recovery proceedings may be
commenced or continued against the legal representatives of a deceased defaulter as if they
were the defaulters themselves-However, such liability is strictly limited to the extent of the
property of the deceased which has come into their hands and no personal liability can be
imposed beyond such inheritance-Collector is empowered to adopt any or multiple modes of
recovery simultaneously or successively and such discretion cannot be curtailed by the CourtSubsequent civil court decree declaring the underlying sale deeds void does not affect stamp
duty liability, which is determined with reference to execution of the instrument-Matter disposed
of with directions to the Collector to conduct inquiry.(Para 11 to 34)
Held
The court held that recovery proceedings for stamp duty deficiencies may continue against legal
representative as if they were the defaulters. However, under the proviso to section 181(1) of the U.P.
Revenue Code, 2006 their liability is strictly limited to the extent of the deceased's property that has come
into their hands. A subsequent civil decree declaring sale deeds null and void is irrelevant, as liability is
determined at the date of the instrument's execution. Consequently, the Collector must conduct a factual
inquiry and investigation into the inherited estate before enforcing the recovery certificate. while this inquiry
is pending, petitioners are protected from coercive action. (E-6)

Case law Cited
Chandra Prabha Charitable Trust Vs Additional Agricultural Income Tax Officer(2008) 2 KerL 621;Bhagwan
Singh Vs Sahab Singh:(2000) 1 AWC 151, Kunwarpal Sharma & Anr. Vs State of U.P. & Ors: AIR (2003)
Allahabad 7 (DB),Shyam Singh Vs Collector, District Hamirpur, U.P. & Ors: (1993) Suppl (1) SCC 693-referred
to.

List of Acts
Indian Stamp Act, 1899, U.P. Revenue Code, 2006, Code of Civil Procedure,1908, Income tax Act,1961, U.P.
Zamindari Abolition and Land Reforms Act,1950.