# Shanker v. State of U.P. and others

- **Citation:** (2001) 2 ILRA 111
- **Court:** High Court of Judicature at Allahabad
- **Decided:** 2001-01-04
- **Source:** https://unisonlegal.in/judgment/allahabad-high-court/shanker-v-state-of-u-p-and-others-39761
- **Pages:** 4

## Text

INDIAN LAW REPORTS ALLAHABAD SERIES [2001

111
doubt the said officer carried has been
fully explained or finally decided by the
respondents.

12. Apart from what has been stated
above, the case can be considered from
another aspect. Once the authority has
noted in its report that the appointment of
petitioner is approved, the fact that the
petitioner was not paid salary under
Payment of Salaries Act is not significant.
Payment may be made by Committee of
Management from its own recourses and
if salary is not paid teacher cannot be
penalised for working without salary
though unlawfully withheld.

13. In view of the above, the
impugned order dated 25.3.98 (Annexure
4 to the petition) is quashed to the extent
it refers and relates to the petitioner. The
petition stands allowed. Consequently, the
petitioner is entitled to receive salary
along with other approved staff and
teachers.

No order as to costs.

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By the Court

1. This writ petition has been filed
against
the
impugned
F.I.R.
dated
04.01.2001 in case crime no. 4 of 2001
under Section 147/323/504/506 I.P.C.
read with section 3(1) 10 S.C. S.T. Act
police station Dhanghata, district Sant
Kabir Nagar, copy of which is Annexure
2 to the writ petition.

The aforesaid F.I.R. reads as follows:
2All] Shanker V. State of U.P. and others

112

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2. A perusal of the above F.I.R.
shows that the allegations therein are that
certain persons belonging to the Yadav
and Brahmin community came to the
house of the respondent no. 3 Shobha
Devi who is a Harijan by caste at about 6
p.m. on 20.12.2000. It appears that there
was previous enmity between the parties
because of Panchayat election in which
first informant Smt. Shobha Devi had
defeated the candidate set up by the
previous Pradhan Ashish Yadav. In this
connection the accused Rajesh, Dinesh
Pandey had previously beaten up Shobha
Devi's son Chandra Mani regarding which
a criminal case had also been registered
on 20.12.2000 at about 6 p.m. the accused
INDIAN LAW REPORTS ALLAHABAD SERIES [2001

113
came to the house of Smt. Shobha Devi
and gave filthy abuses calling her 'sali
chamaran' and asked her to call her sons
Indramani and Chandramani. When Smt.
Shobha Devi said that her sons were not
there and they should stop giving abuses,
some of the accused beat Smt Shobha
Devi, the first informant with lathis and
kicks and fist blows. Some of the accused
entered the house and took away the box
containing Rs. 15000/- and some silver
and gold jewellery. Some of the accused
snatched the ear-ring, chhalla (ring) etc.
of Smt Shobha Devi. Some of the accused
called Smt Shobha Devi 'chamar' and said
that she should be killed and gave filthy
abuses. The incident was witnessed by
Shobha Devi's daughter & daughter-inlaw who had shut the door due to fear.
Some unknown persons belonging to the
group of the accused were also standing
with firearms at Shobha Devi's door. Even
after the aforesaid incident the accused
had been harassing Shobha Devi and her
children.

3. We are not expressing any
opinion about the correctness or otherwise
of the allegations in the F.I.R. at this stage
since that may prejudice the trial but we
would like to make some observations in
connection with atrocities on caste basis
which are still going on in this country
although we are now living in the 21st
century.

4. The caste system is a great evil
and must be destroyed quickly and
ruthlessly if our country is to progress.
There may have been some utility of the
caste system at a certain stage of our
nation's historical development, as it
introduced a rudimentary kind of division
labour in society at a certain stage of our
social development. However, something
which may have been useful at one time
may become an evil subsequently. Today
there can be no manner of doubt that the
caste system is a great evil in our country
and must be destroyed. In the modern age
of science & technology the division of
labour in society cannot be on the basis o
birth but must be on the basis of technical
skills. The caste systems is, therefore,
totally outmoded and redundant in society
and in fact it is a great obstacle to our
nation's progress today.

5. It may be mentioned that the basis
of the caste system was the feudal
occupational division of labour in society.
In our country in the feudal age every
profession
became
a
caste.
Thus
washerman (dhobi) became a caste, and
similarly Badhai (carpenter) became a
caste, Kumbhar (potter) became a caste,
Lohar became a caste, Chamar (people
who do leather work) became a caste etc.
Thus in feudal society one had no choice
to choose one's profession, but had to
follow his father's profession. The son of
a Dhobi had become a dhobi, the son of
badhai had to become a badhai, and so on.
This was obviously because in the feudal
middle ages there were no technical or
scientific institutes and hence the only
way to learn a craft or trade was to sit
with one's father since childhood and
learn it. However, in the modern age there
are technical institutions, engineering
colleges etc. and hence the caste system
based on the feudal occupational division
of labour in society has today become
totally outmoded and is a great hindrance
to our nation's progress.

6. As a matter of fact what we have
witnessed in our country over the last 50
years or so is that the very basis of the
caste
system,
namely,
the
feudal
2All] Bhagirath V. Smt. Gyatri Devi and others

114
occupational divisional of labour in
society has been largely destroyed due to
the advance of technology. Thus today the
son of a Dhobi does not become a dhobi.
He comes to the city and may become an
electrician or motor mechanic or get
employment in some establishment or
factory, or having got education may
become a lawyer, doctor or engineer.
Similarly the son of Badhai does not now
a days become a badhai. The son of a
Lohar does not become a lohar now a
days. Thus sons are no longer following
the profession of their father and hence
the basis of the caste system has already
been largely destroyed in our country.
However, the caste system is being
artificially propped up by certain vested
interests for vote bank politics etc. which
is very harmful to the country. Of course
these attempts to perpetuate the caste
system is doomed to failure because it is
only artificial and in fact in Indian society
today the basis of the caste system,
namely, the feudal occupational divisional
of labour in society, has already been
largely
destroyed.
All
patriotic
and
modern minded people must oppose the
caste system everywhere so that this evil
can be destroyed as early as possible.

7. In the present case a perusal of the
F.I.R. shows that the allegations are that
certain Yadavs and Brahmins misbehaved
with a Harijan lady and beat up and
insulted her calling her 'chamar'. No doubt
the word 'chamar' is a word denoting a
certain caste, but the said word is also
used in derogatory sense for persons who
are regarded as inferior by the so-called
upper castes. In our opinion since the use
of word 'chamar' is used in a derogatory
sense, it should not be used by members
of the so-called upper castes or O.B.Cs as
it hurts the feelings of Harijans. In our
country nobody's feelings should be hurt
and no one should be treated as inferior.
This is the modern age of democracy in
which equality is a fundamental principle
which must be cherished by all. Thus
whoever regard themselves as superior
merely because they happen to belong to
the so called upper castes are feudal
minded,
backward
persons
whose
mentality must be opposed by persons
with modern mentality.

8. On the facts of the present case
we are not inclined to quash the impugned
F.I.R. However, we direct that the bail
application of the applicant Shanker
Yadav in case crime no. 4 of 2001 under
Section 147/323/504/506 I.P.C read with
section 3(1) 10 S.C. S.T. Act be decided
by the court concerned expeditiously. The
observations in this judgement shall not
influence the Court hearing the bail
application or the trial.

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