# AYODHYA FAIZABAD DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY AND ANR v. RAM NEWAJ AND OTHERS

- **Citation:** [2022] 3 S.C.R. 250
- **Court:** Supreme Court of India
- **Decided:** 2022-05-20
- **Case number:** Civil Appeal No.2916 of 2022
- **Bench:** M. R. Shah, B.V. Nagarathna
- **Source:** https://unisonlegal.in/judgment/supreme-court-of-india/ayodhya-faizabad-development-authority-and-anr-v-ram-newaj-and-others-35916
- **Pages:** 5

## Headnote

Land Acquisition - Right to Fair Compensation and
Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement
Act, 2013 - s.24(2) - High Court allowed writ petition preferred by
respondents-original writ petitioners and held that acquisition
proceedings in respect of the three plots in question pertaining to
the original writ petitioners stand lapsed under subsection (2) of
s.24 of the 2013 Act - It was so held by the High Court, solely on
the ground that, though deposit of compensation was made in the
Treasury, but the same was not deposited in the Court and
consequently payment of compensation was not made to the land
owners - Held: Applying the law laid down by this Court in the
case of Indore Development Authority and in the present case as the
amount of compensation was deposited with the Treasury and even
the possession was already taken over on 07.09.2005, the impugned
judgment passed by the High Court is unsustainable.
Indore Development Authority versus Manoharlal and
others, (2020) 8 SCC 129 : [2020] 3 SCR 1 - relied
on.
Delhi Development Authority versus Sukhbir Singh and
others, (2016) 16 SCC 258 : [2016] 5 SCR 227 -
referred to.
Case Law Reference
[2016] 5 SCR 227
referred to
Para 3
[2020] 3 SCR 1
relied on
Para 3
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251

## Text

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SUPREME COURT REPORTS
[2022] 3 S.C.R.
 [2022] 3 S.C.R. 250
250
AYODHYA FAIZABAD DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY
AND ANR.
v.
RAM NEWAJ AND OTHERS
(Civil Appeal No.2916 of 2022)
MAY 20, 2022
[M. R. SHAH AND B.V. NAGARATHNA, JJ.]
Land Acquisition - Right to Fair Compensation and
Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement
Act, 2013 - s.24(2) - High Court allowed writ petition preferred by
respondents-original writ petitioners and held that acquisition
proceedings in respect of the three plots in question pertaining to
the original writ petitioners stand lapsed under subsection (2) of
s.24 of the 2013 Act - It was so held by the High Court, solely on
the ground that, though deposit of compensation was made in the
Treasury, but the same was not deposited in the Court and
consequently payment of compensation was not made to the land
owners - Held: Applying the law laid down by this Court in the
case of Indore Development Authority and in the present case as the
amount of compensation was deposited with the Treasury and even
the possession was already taken over on 07.09.2005, the impugned
judgment passed by the High Court is unsustainable.
Indore Development Authority versus Manoharlal and
others, (2020) 8 SCC 129 : [2020] 3 SCR 1 - relied
on.
Delhi Development Authority versus Sukhbir Singh and
others, (2016) 16 SCC 258 : [2016] 5 SCR 227 -
referred to.
Case Law Reference
[2016] 5 SCR 227
referred to
Para 3
[2020] 3 SCR 1
relied on
Para 3
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CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION : Civil Appeal No.2916
of 2022.
From the Judgment and Order dated 19.07.2017 of the High Court
of Judicature at Allahabad, Lucknow Bench, Lucknow in Misc. Bench
No.3962 of 2005.
V. K. Shukla, Sr. Adv., R. K. Singh, M. M. Pandey, Mrs. Neeraj
Singh, Kumar Gaurav, Praveen Pathak, Ajay Chaudhary, Ms. Ritu
Reniwal, Sajith P., Sudhir Kulshreshtha, Sameer Kulshreshtha, Rakesh
Uttamchandra Upadhyay, Ms. Aarti U. Mishra, Rishabh Kumar Pandey,
Mridul Singh, Advs. for the Appellant.
S. R. Singh, Rana Mukherjee, Sr. Advs., Yash Pal Dhingra, Prateek
Yadav, Ms. Sunita Pandit, K. K. Yadav, Prithvi Yadav, Gaurav Lomes,
Mohd. Muztaba, Ankur Yadav, Ms. Manju Jetley, Rudreshwar Singh,
Kaushik Poddar, Ms. Isha Singh, Nishit Agrawal, Harsh Mishra, Kumar
Deepraj, Vikas Tiwari, Dharmendra Kumar Sinha, Bhakti Vardhan Singh,
Rajeev Kumar Dubey, Ashiwan Mishra, Kamlendra Mishra,
Pukhrambam Ramesh Kumar, Karun Sharma, Ms. Anupama Ngangom,
Mohan Dadwal, Advs. for the Respondents.
The Judgment of the Court was delivered by
M. R. SHAH, J.
1. Feeling aggrieved and dissatisfied with the impugned judgment
and order dated 19.07.2017 passed by the High Court of Judicature at
Allahabad, Lucknow Bench, Lucknow in Miscellaneous Bench No.3962
of 2005 by which the High Court has allowed the said writ petition
preferred by the respondents herein - original writ petitioners and has
held that the acquisition proceedings in respect of the three plots in
question pertaining to the original writ petitioners stand lapsed under
sub-section (2) of Section 24 of the Right to Fair Compensation and
Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act,
2013 (hereinafter referred to as 'the Act 2013') , the Ayodhya Faizabad
Development Authority and another has preferred the present appeal.
2. We have heard learned counsel for the respective parties at
length. We have perused the impugned judgment and order passed by
the High Court.
3. By the impugned judgment and order the High Court has held
that the acquisition proceedings with respect to the three plots in question
AYODHYA FAIZABAD DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY
AND ANR. v. RAM NEWAJ AND OTHERS
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SUPREME COURT REPORTS
[2022] 3 S.C.R.
shall stand lapsed under sub-section (2) of Section 24 of the Act, 2013
solely on the ground that, though the deposit of the compensation was
made in the Treasury, but the same was not deposited in the Court and
consequently the payment of compensation of the amount was not made
to the land owners. The High Court has relied upon the decision of this
Court in the case of Delhi Development Authority versus Sukhbir
Singh and others, (2016) 16 SCC 258. However, in view of the
subsequent decision of this Court in the case of Indore Development
Authority versus Manoharlal and others, (2020) 8 SCC 129, the
impugned judgment and order passed by the High Court is unsustainable.
In paragraph 366 of the aforesaid judgment this Court has observed and
held as under:
"366. In view of the aforesaid discussion, we answer the
questions as under:
366.1. Under the provisions of Section 24(1)(a) in case
the award is not made as on 1-1-2014, the date of commencement
of the 2013 Act, there is no lapse of proceedings. Compensation
has to be determined under the provisions of the 2013 Act.
366.2. In case the award has been passed within the
window period of five years excluding the period covered by an
interim order of the court, then proceedings shall continue as
provided under Section 24(1)(b) of the 2013 Act under the 1894
Act as if it has not been repealed.
366.3. The word "or" used in Section 24(2) between
possession and compensation has to be read as "nor" or as "and".
The deemed lapse of land acquisition proceedings under Section
24(2) of the 2013 Act takes place where due to inaction of
authorities for five years or more prior to commencement of the
said Act, the possession of land has not been taken nor
compensation has been paid. In other words, in case possession
has been taken, compensation has not been paid then there is no
lapse. Similarly, if compensation has been paid, possession has
not been taken then there is no lapse.
366.4. The expression "paid" in the main part of Section
24(2) of the 2013 Act does not include a deposit of compensation
in court. The consequence of non-deposit is provided in the proviso
to Section 24(2) in case it has not been deposited with respect to
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majority of landholdings then all beneficiaries (landowners) as on
the date of notification for land acquisition under Section 4 of the
1894 Act shall be entitled to compensation in accordance with the
provisions of the 2013 Act. In case the obligation under Section
31 of the Land Acquisition Act, 1894 has not been fulfilled, interest
under Section 34 of the said Act can be granted. Non-deposit of
compensation (in court) does not result in the lapse of land
acquisition proceedings. In case of non-deposit with respect to
the majority of holdings for five years or more, compensation under
the 2013 Act has to be paid to the "landowners" as on the date of
notification for land acquisition under Section 4 of the 1894 Act.
366.5. In case a person has been tendered the compensation
as provided under Section 31(1) of the 1894 Act, it is not open to
him to claim that acquisition has lapsed under Section 24(2) due
to non-payment or non-deposit of compensation in court. The
obligation to pay is complete by tendering the amount under Section
31(1). The landowners who had refused to accept compensation
or who sought reference for higher compensation, cannot claim
that the acquisition proceedings had lapsed under Section 24(2)
of the 2013 Act.
366.6. The proviso to Section 24(2) of the 2013 Act is to
be treated as part of Section 24(2), not part of Section 24(1)(b).
366.7. The mode of taking possession under the 1894 Act
and as contemplated under Section 24(2) is by drawing of inquest
report/memorandum. Once award has been passed on taking
possession under Section 16 of the 1894 Act, the land vests in
State there is no divesting provided under Section 24(2) of the
2013 Act, as once possession has been taken there is no lapse
under Section 24(2).
366.9. Section 24(2) of the 2013 Act does not give rise to
new cause of action to question the legality of concluded
proceedings of land acquisition. Section 24 applies to a proceeding
pending on the date of enforcement of the 2013 Act i.e. 1-1-2014.
It does not revive stale and time-barred claims and does not reopen
concluded proceedings nor allow landowners to question the
legality of mode of taking possession to reopen proceedings or
mode of deposit of compensation in the treasury instead of court
to invalidate acquisition.
AYODHYA FAIZABAD DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY
AND ANR. V. RAM NEWAJ AND OTHERS [M. R. SHAH, J.]
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366.8. The provisions of Section 24(2) providing for a
deemed lapse of proceedings are applicable in case authorities
have failed due to their inaction to take possession and pay
compensation for five years or more before the 2013 Act came
into force, in a proceeding for land acquisition pending with the
authority concerned as on 1-1-2014. The period of subsistence of
interim orders passed by court has to be excluded in the
computation of five years."
3.1 Applying the law laid down by this Court in the case of Indore
Development Authority (supra) and in the present case as the amount
of compensation was deposited with the Treasury and even the possession
was already taken over on 07.09.2005, the impugned judgment and order
passed by the High Court holding that the land acquisition proceedings
with respect to the lands in question are deemed to have lapsed deserves
to be quashed and set aside.
4. In view of the above discussion and for the reasons stated
above present appeal succeeds. The impugned judgment and order passed
by the High Court is hereby quashed and set aside. Consequently, the
writ petition preferred by the original writ petitioner before the High
Court stands dismissed.
In the facts and circumstances of the case, there shall be no order
as to costs.
Bibhuti Bhushan Bose
Appeal allowed.