# NARESH CHANDRA SABA v. UNION TERRITORY OF TRIPURA & ORS - **Citation:** [1970] 2 S.C.R. 639 - **Court:** Supreme Court of India - **Decided:** 1969-10-06 - **Case number:** Civil Appeal No. 2203 of 1966 - **Bench:** J. C. Shah, K. S. Hbgdb - **Source:** https://unisonlegal.in/judgment/supreme-court-of-india/naresh-chandra-saba-v-union-territory-of-tripura-ors-4929 - **Pages:** 4 ## Headnote Civil Servant-Reposting in officiating po.rt held at the time of dl.smissal after order of dismissal set aside-Subsequent reversion to substantive post-Legality. Practice and Proc~ure-Petition filed in High Courl challenging order passed 7 years before-If could be entertained. The appellant, who W"3 a junior officer in the State service, was appointed as an officiating senior officer on May 10, 1954. O~ May 12, 1954, an order was passed reverting hilll to the post of junior officer. On the ground that he refused to ohey the order of reversion, on May 6, 1957 he was suspended, and ultimately dismissed. The orders of ~he. suspension and dismissal were set aside by the Coun of Judicial Commissioner. By orde< dated November 7. 1960, he was reinstated in the, post of the senior officer which he was holding on the date of his suspension, with effect from the afternoon of May 7, 1957. By the same order. he was reverted to his substantive post of junior officer with retrospective effect from June. 7, 1957, as another officer was alr.-ady occupying the post. The appellant, thereupon, challenged both the orders dated May 12, 1954, and November 7, 1960, but the Judicial Commissioner dismissed the petition. In appeal to this Court, HELD: (1) The order dated November 7, 1960 reverting the appe11ant to his substantive post did not entail forfeitur~ of the appellant's pay or aUowances, or toss of seniority in his substantive rank, or stoppage or postponement of his future chances of promotion. The appellant could not claim the: salary of the senior post from the date of suspension or dismis5al till date of reinstatement, because, the appropriate authority, when reinstating thC appellant could revert him, as from an earlier date, to his substantive post from the officiating post. provided the order was not passed ma/a fide. [641 H; 642 B-Cl Parshotam Lal Dhingra v. Union of India, [19581 S.C.R. 828, referred to. ' (2) There is nothing to show that any retrospective operation \VQS given to the order dated May 12, 1954 In any event, the Judicial Commissioner was justified in refusing to entertain any contention as to its vali~itv seven years after the order was passed. [640 HJ CML APPELLATE JURISDICTION: Civil Appeal No. 2203 of 1966. Appeal by special leave from the judgment and order dated November 8, 1965 of the Judicial Commissioner's Court, Tripura in Writ Petition No. 27 of 1961. M. Jr. Romamurthi and Shyama/o Pappu, for the appellant. V. A. &yid Muhammad, S. P. Nayar and B. D. Sharma, for the respondent~. ·;,.. ' 640 SUPREME COURT REPORTS (1970) 2 S.C.R. The J udgrnent of the Court was delivered by Shah, J. The appellant joined the Tripura Civil Service en October 30, 1949, and was posted as a probationer Divisional Purchasing Officer, Dhannnagar. In 1953 the Tripura Civil Service was split into iwo cadres-senior officers being absorbed as Sub-Divisional Officers and junior officers as Sub-Treasury Officers. The appellant was absorbed as Sub-Treasury Officer with effect from April 1, 1950. On May 10, 1954, the appellant ·was appointed officiating Sub-Divisional Officer with effect from September 10, 1953. By order dated May 12, 1954, the appel· !ant was reverted io the post of Sub-Treasury Officer with effect from May 6, 1954. The appellant made several representations to the Chief Commissioner but without success. The appellant was suspended by order dated May 6. 1957, for failure to obey the orders of the Additional District Magistrate and he was dismissed with effect from July 3, 1958, by the order of the Chief Commissioner. A B c The appellant moved a petition in the Court of the Judicial D Commissioner at Tripura challenging the orders of susJiension and dismissal. On February 19, 1960 the Court set aside the impugned orders. By order dated November 7, 1960 the Chief Commissioner reinstated the appellant to the post of Superintendent of Surveys and by the same order reverted him to his substantive post of Sub-Treasury Officer with ## Text A B c D E F G H 639 NARESH CHANDRA SABA v. UNION TERRITORY OF TRIPURA & ORS. October 6, 1969 [J. C. SHAH AND K. S. HBGDB, JJ.] Civil Servant-Reposting in officiating po.rt held at the time of dl.smissal after order of dismissal set aside-Subsequent reversion to substantive post-Legality. Practice and Proc~ure-Petition filed in High Courl challenging order passed 7 years before-If could be entertained. The appellant, who W"3 a junior officer in the State service, was appointed as an officiating senior officer on May 10, 1954. O~ May 12, 1954, an order was passed reverting hilll to the post of junior officer. On the ground that he refused to ohey the order of reversion, on May 6, 1957 he was suspended, and ultimately dismissed. The orders of ~he. suspension and dismissal were set aside by the Coun of Judicial Commissioner. By orde< dated November 7. 1960, he was reinstated in the, post of the senior officer which he was holding on the date of his suspension, with effect from the afternoon of May 7, 1957. By the same order. he was reverted to his substantive post of junior officer with retrospective effect from June. 7, 1957, as another officer was alr.-ady occupying the post. The appellant, thereupon, challenged both the orders dated May 12, 1954, and November 7, 1960, but the Judicial Commissioner dismissed the petition. In appeal to this Court, HELD: (1) The order dated November 7, 1960 reverting the appe11ant to his substantive post did not entail forfeitur~ of the appellant's pay or aUowances, or toss of seniority in his substantive rank, or stoppage or postponement of his future chances of promotion. The appellant could not claim the: salary of the senior post from the date of suspension or dismis5al till date of reinstatement, because, the appropriate authority, when reinstating thC appellant could revert him, as from an earlier date, to his substantive post from the officiating post. provided the order was not passed ma/a fide. [641 H; 642 B-Cl Parshotam Lal Dhingra v. Union of India, [19581 S.C.R. 828, referred to. ' (2) There is nothing to show that any retrospective operation \VQS given to the order dated May 12, 1954 In any event, the Judicial Commissioner was justified in refusing to entertain any contention as to its vali~itv seven years after the order was passed. [640 HJ CML APPELLATE JURISDICTION: Civil Appeal No. 2203 of 1966. Appeal by special leave from the judgment and order dated November 8, 1965 of the Judicial Commissioner's Court, Tripura in Writ Petition No. 27 of 1961. M. Jr. Romamurthi and Shyama/o Pappu, for the appellant. V. A. &yid Muhammad, S. P. Nayar and B. D. Sharma, for the respondent~. ·;,.. ' 640 SUPREME COURT REPORTS (1970) 2 S.C.R. The J udgrnent of the Court was delivered by Shah, J. The appellant joined the Tripura Civil Service en October 30, 1949, and was posted as a probationer Divisional Purchasing Officer, Dhannnagar. In 1953 the Tripura Civil Service was split into iwo cadres-senior officers being absorbed as Sub-Divisional Officers and junior officers as Sub-Treasury Officers. The appellant was absorbed as Sub-Treasury Officer with effect from April 1, 1950. On May 10, 1954, the appellant ·was appointed officiating Sub-Divisional Officer with effect from September 10, 1953. By order dated May 12, 1954, the appel· !ant was reverted io the post of Sub-Treasury Officer with effect from May 6, 1954. The appellant made several representations to the Chief Commissioner but without success. The appellant was suspended by order dated May 6. 1957, for failure to obey the orders of the Additional District Magistrate and he was dismissed with effect from July 3, 1958, by the order of the Chief Commissioner. A B c The appellant moved a petition in the Court of the Judicial D Commissioner at Tripura challenging the orders of susJiension and dismissal. On February 19, 1960 the Court set aside the impugned orders. By order dated November 7, 1960 the Chief Commissioner reinstated the appellant to the post of Superintendent of Surveys and by the same order reverted him to his substantive post of Sub-Treasury Officer with retrospective effecr E from June 7, 1957. The appeal of the appellant to the President having been rejected, he moved a petition in the Court of the Judicial Commissioner for a writ quashing the orders dated May 12, 1954 and November 7, 1960. The appellant conteT\dP.d that an order of reversion cannot be made to have retrospective ()pera- . tion. The petition insofar as it relates to the first order was belated. Again there is no ground for holding thai retrospective operation was in fact ~ven to that order of reversion. By the order dated May 12, 1954 .the appellant was reverted to the post of SnbTreasury Officer, but the .order did not>Sfate the date from which the l>rder was to be effective. In summarising the avennents made in the petition, the Judicial Commissionet stated that the oetitioner had aDe11ed that the order dated May 12, 1954, was to llave. effect from May 6, 1954. A copy of that Tietition -ls ·not filed in this Court and we are unable to accept, especially havinJ!' re2ard to the terms of the order, that any retrosnective opera·· tion was souRht to be ~ven. In anv event .the Judicial Commissioner was ju!llifled in refusinir to. entertain · any contention as to the valiillty of the order of reversion made nearly seven yean before the date on which the petition was filed.· F G H A B c D E F G H N. C. SAHA v. TR!PURA (Shah, J.) 641 The second order dated November 7, 1960, passed by the Chief Commissioner consists of two parts-(i) that the appellant be reinstated in the post of the Sup·.rintendent of Surveys with effect from the afternoon of May 7, 1957; and (ii) that the appellant be reverted to the substantive post of Sub-Treasury Officer with retrospective effect from June 7, 1957. The appellant, as already stated, was suspended on May 6, 1957. The order of suspension and the order of dismissal which followed ii were set aside by the Judicial Commissioner, and the Chief Commissioner therefore reinstated the appellant with effect from the afternoon of Mav 7, 1957 to the post occupied by the appellant on the date on which he was suspended. But the appellant was not holding the post of Superintendent of Surveys substantively : he was merely officiating in that post. He was therefore reverted with effect from June 7, 1957 to his substantive post. The order was passed because the post was filled by another officer approved by the U.P.S.C. Counsel for the appellant relied upon the observations made by S. R. Das, C.J., in Parshotam Lttl Dhingra v. Union of India(') : "But the mere fact that the servant has no title to the post or the rank and the Government has, by contract, express or implied, or under the rules, the right to reduce him to a lower post does not mean that an order of reduction of a servant to a lower post or rank cannot in any circumstances be a punishment. The real test for determining whether the reduction in such cases is or is not by wav of punishment is fo find out if the ord"r for the reduction also visits the servant with any penal consequences. Thus if the order entails or provides for the forfeiture of his pay or allowances or the Joss of his senioritv in his substantive rank or the stoppage or pastponment of his future chances of promotion. then that c·1rcumstance may indicate that altbou£h in form the Government had purported to exercise its ri~ht to terminate the emolovment or to reduce the servant to a lower rank under the terms of the contract of emulovmeni or under the mies, in truth and realitv the Government has terminated the employment as and by way of penalty." These observations. in our iurll!ll1ent, do not assist the auuellant. The order reveriin!! the apuelJ"ot from June 7, 19~7. to his sut-- stantive uost does not entail forfeiture of hi& pav or alJowances or loss·of •en;oritv in his sub