# UNION OF INDIA v. RAM KISH.AN - **Citation:** [1971] Supp. 1 S.C.R. 757 - **Court:** Supreme Court of India - **Decided:** 1971-05-07 - **Case number:** Civil Appeal No. 750 of 1966 - **Source:** https://unisonlegal.in/judgment/supreme-court-of-india/union-of-india-v-ram-kish-an-5413 - **Pages:** 4 ## Headnote UNION OF INDIA v. RAM KISH.AN May 7, 1971 757 A . IS. M. SiKiu, C. J., G. K. MrrrER, C. A. \I' AIDIALINGAM, P. J AGAN8 . MOHAN REDDY AND I. D. DUA, JJ.) l'tMtlab Police Rules, r. 16.3S-Police Officer in plain c/athes cammittisg ot/£nct! while raiding a p/~Failure ta give in/armation ta District MQ/IUlral~Yalidity of departmental inquiry and dismissal af.police officer. · . The respondent, a. police constable, raided a place, and in the course el. lbe raid caused a knife injury to one of th• persons ill the place. Ho -t to the aceno of occurrence without his uniform. A caso under s. 324, LP.C., wu registered agaiDst him. A departmental inquiry was also ordr.red ap.inst him and he was dismissed from service. He filed a sui~ challent!- ilol the order of dismissal on tho ground, inter alia, that the procedure preocribed by the r. 16. 38 of the Punjab Police Rules was not followed. The High Court, in appeal, decreed the suit. In appeal to this Court, c D HELD: The plaintiff was purporting to exercise the authority of a police officer even if he was in plain clothes. The acts alleged against him constituted a criminal offence in connection with his official relation with the public and their description in the charge in the departmental proceedE ings as negligence was an atten1pt to avoid the effect of r. 16.38. Under sul>-r .. (1) of the rule immediate information regarding the commission of the offence sbo~ld have been given to the District Magistrate. In the present case there was no evidence of any such infortnation being given to the District Magistrate, nor was there evidence that tho District Magistrate decided that the investigation shall be conducted by P die police officers who conducted it. Since there was a breach of sub-r. (I) of the rule the order of dismissal was illegal. (759B-H, 760H] Delhi Administration v. Chanan Shah, [1969] 3 S.C.R. 653 followed. OVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION : Civil Appeal No. 750 of 1966. Appeal by special leave from judgment and order dated March 4, 1964 of the Punjab High Court, Circuit Bench, Delhi io. C.R.S.A. No. 256-D of 1962. Jagadish Swarup, Solicitor-General, and R. N. Sachthcy, for the appellant N. D. Bali and D. D. Shm·ma. for the respondent. G H 758 A B c D E Ji' G H WPREMB COURT REPORTS [1971] SUPP. s.c.R. ## Text UNION OF INDIA v. RAM KISH.AN May 7, 1971 757 A . IS. M. SiKiu, C. J., G. K. MrrrER, C. A. \I' AIDIALINGAM, P. J AGAN8 . MOHAN REDDY AND I. D. DUA, JJ.) l'tMtlab Police Rules, r. 16.3S-Police Officer in plain c/athes cammittisg ot/£nct! while raiding a p/~Failure ta give in/armation ta District MQ/IUlral~Yalidity of departmental inquiry and dismissal af.police officer. · . The respondent, a. police constable, raided a place, and in the course el. lbe raid caused a knife injury to one of th• persons ill the place. Ho -t to the aceno of occurrence without his uniform. A caso under s. 324, LP.C., wu registered agaiDst him. A departmental inquiry was also ordr.red ap.inst him and he was dismissed from service. He filed a sui~ challent!- ilol the order of dismissal on tho ground, inter alia, that the procedure preocribed by the r. 16. 38 of the Punjab Police Rules was not followed. The High Court, in appeal, decreed the suit. In appeal to this Court, c D HELD: The plaintiff was purporting to exercise the authority of a police officer even if he was in plain clothes. The acts alleged against him constituted a criminal offence in connection with his official relation with the public and their description in the charge in the departmental proceedE ings as negligence was an atten1pt to avoid the effect of r. 16.38. Under sul>-r .. (1) of the rule immediate information regarding the commission of the offence sbo~ld have been given to the District Magistrate. In the present case there was no evidence of any such infortnation being given to the District Magistrate, nor was there evidence that tho District Magistrate decided that the investigation shall be conducted by P die police officers who conducted it. Since there was a breach of sub-r. (I) of the rule the order of dismissal was illegal. (759B-H, 760H] Delhi Administration v. Chanan Shah, [1969] 3 S.C.R. 653 followed. OVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION : Civil Appeal No. 750 of 1966. Appeal by special leave from judgment and order dated March 4, 1964 of the Punjab High Court, Circuit Bench, Delhi io. C.R.S.A. No. 256-D of 1962. Jagadish Swarup, Solicitor-General, and R. N. Sachthcy, for the appellant N. D. Bali and D. D. Shm·ma. for the respondent. G H 758 A B c D E Ji' G H WPREMB COURT REPORTS [1971] SUPP. s.c.R. The Judgment of the Court was delivered by Sikri, C.J.-The respondent, Ram Kishan, Head Constable, (hereinafter referred to as the Plantiff) failed a suit challenging the order of dismissal passed against him on 3rd September, 1957 by Shri D. C. Sharma, Superintendent. of Police (CentraD. The main attack was twofold. First it was alleged that Shri D. C. Sharma was not a District Superintendent of Police and, therefore not entitled to dismiss the plaintiff.. Secondly it was alleged that as the procedure. prescribed by Rule 16.38 of the Punjab Police Rules was not followed, the departmental action taken against the plaintiff was illegal. The version of the plaintiff as to what happened on 22nd June, 1957 was this. On 22nd June, 1957 he was on duty "for prevention of crime and while on his round he received information that some gamblers were gambling in a public place on Rouse Avenue. Consequently, he organised a raiding party. The gamblers, who were Harijans, out-numbered the police party and inflicted some injuries on the members of the party. Fearing that they would be hauled up, they approached !II Harijan member of the Corporation as well as a Harijan Member of the Parliament, who telephoned to the plaintiff's officers, at the police station, before the plaintiff reached the police station from the scene of affray in order to lodge his report. The version of the Government was that the plantiff was deputed for the checking of cycle theft duty near Employment Exchange, Darya Gunj and he had not ·been posted at Rouse Avenue, Harding Bridge. It was denied that the plaintiff received any information regarding gambling at a public place in Rouse Avenue. On the contrary it was alleged on behalf of the Government that the plaintiff alongwith other constables wanted to implicate Mohan Lal, Nathu etc., and a scuffle took place between the plaintiff and his other associates on the one hand and Mohan Lal and others on the other hand. The Sub-Judge dismissed the suit. The plaiintiff filed an appeal before the Additional District Judge, who accepted the appeal and granted the plaintiff a decree for a declaration that the order dated 3rd September, 1957 dismissing him from service is illegal and ultra vires. He also passed a decree for Rs. 1926/10/· on account of pay and allowances. The Government filed an appeal in the High Court. The case came up before Mahajan J., who observed that there was a breach of Rule 16.38 of the Punjab Police Rules but as it was UNION v. RAM Kll!HAN (Sikri, C.J.) contended that the Police Rule 16.38 was directory and not mand&tory, he referred the case to a Division Bench. Mchar Singh J. speaking for the Bench held that "in view of Babu Ram Upadhya's (') case this rule must be held to be mandatory, though even otherwise, on the language of the rule itself I am of the opinion that it is a rule moodatory in nature". He further observed that "In this case it is an admitted fact that there was no reference of the information to the District Magistrate and he had no opportunity to take a decision first under subrule (!) and then under sub-rule(2)." He agreed with the first appellate court that the chairge in the statement of allegations was an information indicating the commission by the respondent of a criminal offence in connection with his official relation with the pUblic, as not only B31tto was injured in the incident but also some Foot Constables. It was contended before us that the first part of the rule 16.38 does not apply because the plaintiff went to the scene of occurrence without any uniform and that the question of commission of a criminaJ offence by a police officer in connection · with his official relations with the public can only arise if he commits the offence when he is in a uniform. It was further urged that before an offence can be said to have been committed by 31 police officer it must be not in exercise of purported authority but real authority. We are unable to see any force in these contentions. On the facts of this case it is quite clear that the plantiff was purporting to exercise authority of a police officer 31nd even if he was in plain clothes it does not mean that he was not purporting to act as 31 police officer. 1n our view, in this case there was a breach of sub-rule (I) of Rule 16.38. D.W. 2, Raghu Nath, admitted that on 22nd June 1957 a case under s. 324 I. P. C. wais registered at the instance of Harijans and that investigation was made by A.l.C. Hori Lal and then S. I. Daulat Ram. The allegations against Ram Kishan and others were that they had inflicted a knil:e injury on Mst. Batto, a Harijan womwn and medical report showed that the injury was with a blunt weapon though the injury was simple. He further said that S. P. ordered him to start a departmental inquiry against the plaintiff. There is no evidence that any immediate information was given to the District Magistrate of the complaint Nceived against the plaintiff. Neither is there any evidence that the District Magistrate decided that the investigation shall be conducted by the police officers, who conducted it. (1) A.l.R. 1961 S.C. 751 759 B c D E F G H 160 A B (! D E F G SUPREME COURT REPORTS [1971] SUPP. s.c.R. The learned counsel for the Government further contended th~t the charge agaiast the .Plantiff in the departmental proceedmgs was a• charge of negbgence and not a charge in connection with the commission of a criminal offence in c