# WARDINGTON LYNGDOH AND ORS v. THE COLLECTOR, MAWKYRWAT - **Citation:** [1995] 3 S.C.R. 354 - **Court:** Supreme Court of India - **Decided:** 1995-04-17 - **Bench:** K. Ramaswamy, B.L. Hansaria - **Source:** https://unisonlegal.in/judgment/supreme-court-of-india/wardington-lyngdoh-and-ors-v-the-collector-mawkyrwat-13137 - **Pages:** 5 ## Headnote Land Acquisition Act, 1894: Sections 18, 19, 23, 31-Award of compenrntion under an agreeC ment-Subsequently objecting and claiming higher compensation-Reference made and the reference coun awarded higher compensation-Validity of the reference-Held: Reference application itself not maintainable. In respect of certain lands acquired, the Collector made an award. The petitioners received compensation under an agreement signed by tbem D and the Collector. Thereafter tbey claimed enhancement by reference under S.18. After hearing them, the Collector referred the matter to the Special Judicial Officer. Objection was taken to the validity of the reference and also their entitlement to higher compensation. However, the compensation was enhanced at the rate of Rs. 60 to Rs. 40 per sq. meter. On E appeal by the State, tbe High Court reversed the decree of tbe reference court since tbe appellants had agreed to tbe terms and conditions of tbe agreement. Hence this special leave petition. The petitioners contended that since they had objected to the award, tbough after receiving the compensation, the reference was valid and the F Special Judicial Officer was within his power to consider proper value of the lands and award compensation under S.23 of tbe Act. Dismissing tbe petition, this Court HELD : 1. The persons interested in tbe land are entitled to receive G compensation awarded by the Collector under s.11 under protest and entitled to object to tbe compensation determined by the Collector. No person who had received the amount otherwise tban under protest is entitled to make application under s.18. Thus the receipt of the amount under protest is a condition precedent to make an application under s.18 H witbin the limitation prescribed under tbe proviso to sub-s.(2) of s.18 354 '. ... W.L YNGDOH v. COLLECTOR 355 together with the grounds on which the objections have been taken. There- A on the Collector is enjoined to make a reference to the Civil Court with the statement in the manner stated in s.19. (357-D, E) 2. The petitioners professed lack of knowledge regarding the jointly signed agreement Ex.·B or its content. This stand stoutly taken at the enquiry before the Judicial Officer is obviously an after thought. They B admitted that they did not file any protest at the time of receiving compensation. Only one claimant, had filed an objection petition, that too one week after the receipt of the compensation without protest. He stated at the enquiry that he signed a blank paper. He admitted that the signature in the joint statement was his bot stated that the contents of Ex.·B were C not explained to him. The High Court minutely examined the evidence of all the witnesses and concluded that their claim of oral protest was belied by the written agreement Ex.-B. It had gone into the evidence on merits and i'ound that award of compensation for the paddy fields and other lands at the rates of Rs. 60 to Rs. 40 per sq. meter was highly excessive and reliance upon unregistered sale deeds in relation to other homestead D lands was illegal. It is credulous to .believe that agricultural lands would be sold and purchased on square meter basis. The finding of the High Court that the reference application itself is not maintainable, is perfectly legal and does not warrant interference. (357-F to H, 358-A, BJ ## Text A WARDINGTON LYNGDOH AND ORS. v. THE COLLECTOR, MAWKYRWAT APRIL 17, 1995 B [K. RAMASWAMY AND B.L. HANSARIA, JJ.] Land Acquisition Act, 1894: Sections 18, 19, 23, 31-Award of compenrntion under an agreeC ment-Subsequently objecting and claiming higher compensation-Reference made and the reference coun awarded higher compensation-Validity of the reference-Held: Reference application itself not maintainable. In respect of certain lands acquired, the Collector made an award. The petitioners received compensation under an agreement signed by tbem D and the Collector. Thereafter tbey claimed enhancement by reference under S.18. After hearing them, the Collector referred the matter to the Special Judicial Officer. Objection was taken to the validity of the reference and also their entitlement to higher compensation. However, the compensation was enhanced at the rate of Rs. 60 to Rs. 40 per sq. meter. On E appeal by the State, tbe High Court reversed the decree of tbe reference court since tbe appellants had agreed to tbe terms and conditions of tbe agreement. Hence this special leave petition. The petitioners contended that since they had objected to the award, tbough after receiving the compensation, the reference was valid and the F Special Judicial Officer was within his power to consider proper value of the lands and award compensation under S.23 of tbe Act. Dismissing tbe petition, this Court HELD : 1. The persons interested in tbe land are entitled to receive G compensation awarded by the Collector under s.11 under protest and entitled to object to tbe compensation determined by the Collector. No person who had received the amount otherwise tban under protest is entitled to make application under s.18. Thus the receipt of the amount under protest is a condition precedent to make an application under s.18 H witbin the limitation prescribed under tbe proviso to sub-s.(2) of s.18 354 '. ... W.L YNGDOH v. COLLECTOR 355 together with the grounds on which the objections have been taken. There- A on the Collector is enjoined to make a reference to the Civil Court with the statement in the manner stated in s.19. (357-D, E) 2. The petitioners professed lack of knowledge regarding the jointly signed agreement Ex.·B or its content. This stand stoutly taken at the enquiry before the Judicial Officer is obviously an after thought. They B admitted that they did not file any protest at the time of receiving compensation. Only one claimant, had filed an objection petition, that too one week after the receipt of the compensation without protest. He stated at the enquiry that he signed a blank paper. He admitted that the signature in the joint statement was his bot stated that the contents of Ex.·B were C not explained to him. The High Court minutely examined the evidence of all the witnesses and concluded that their claim of oral protest was belied by the written agreement Ex.-B. It had gone into the evidence on merits and i'ound that award of compensation for the paddy fields and other lands at the rates of Rs. 60 to Rs. 40 per sq. meter was highly excessive and reliance upon unregistered sale deeds in relation to other homestead D lands was illegal. It is credulous to .believe that agricultural lands would be sold and purchased on square meter basis. The finding of the High Court that the reference application itself is not maintainable, is perfectly legal and does not warrant interference. (357-F to H, 358-A, BJ CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION : Special Leave Petition (C) No. 11083 of 1995. From the Judgment and Order dated 7.6.94 of the Gauhati High Court in F.A.No. 36 of 1993. AM. Mazumdar and S.K Nandy for the Petitioners. The following Order of the Court was delivered: Delay condoned. Notification under s.4(1) of the Land Acquisition Act, 1890 (for short, 'the Act') was published .on December 6, 1988 for construction of explosive magazines at Nawkyrawat. The Collector made his award on May E F G 17, 1989. On July 5, 1989 the appellants received the compensation under Ex.-B, which is an agreement signed by them and the Collector. Thereafter, H 356 SUPREME COURT REPORTS [1995] 3 S.C.R. A on August 8, 1989, the respon:lents objected to the amount of compensation determined by the Collector and they claimed enhancement by reference under s.18. On August 22, 1989, the Collector asked them to appear before him. On August 29, 1989, on which date when appeared, they requested the Collector for reference under s.18. Accordingly, it was B referred to the Special Judicial Officer. Objection was taken to the validity of the reference and also their entitlement to higher compensation. The Special Judicial Officer by his award and decree dated October 29, 1991 enhanced the compensation at the rate of Rs. 60 to 40 per sq. meter. On appeal by the State, the High Court by its judgment and decree dated June c 7, 1994 reversed the decree of the reference court and hold that since the petitioners had agreed in Ex.-B and received compensation subject to the terms and conditions therein that "in respect of acquisition of land for construction of explosive magazine to be made herein after by the Collector • provided it included the following matters which to our minds arc true, just and equitable. The total amount of compensation arrived al is fully acceptD able to us". The details are not material for the purpose of this case. The only contention raised by the learned counsel appearing for the petitioners is that since the petitioners had objected to the award, though after receiving the compensation, the reference is valid and the Special E Judicial Officer was within his power to consider proper value of the lands and award compensation under s.23 of the Act. F Section 31 (1) of the Act enjoins the Collector that he shall tender payment ofthe compensation awarded by him to the persons interested entitled thereto according to the award ...... and shall pay it to them ........ subs(2) envisages that if they shall not consent to receive it.. ..... the Collector shall deposit the amount of the compensation in the court to which a reference under s.18 would be submitted. Second proviso engrafts a rider that "provided also that no person who has received the amount otherwise than under protest shall be entitled to make any application under s.18". G Section 18(1) envisages that any person interested "who has not accepted the award" may, by written application to the Collector, require that the matter be referred by the Collector for the determination of the court, whether his objection be to the measure1r.ent of the land, the amount of compensation, the p